Nicotine-free vapor inhalation produces behavioral disruptions and anxiety-like behaviors in mice: Effects of puff duration, session length, sex, and flavor.
Nicotine-free vapor inhalation produces behavioral disruptions and anxiety-like behaviors in mice: Effects of puff duration, session length, sex, and flavor.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.pbb.2021.173207
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发表时间：
2021-07
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Hillhouse, Todd M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Garrett, Patrick I.;Honeycutt, Sarah C.;Marston, Clarissa;Allen, Nicole;Barraza, Allyson G.;Dewey, Megan;Turner, Breeann;Peterson, Ashley M.;Hillhouse, Todd M.
电子烟（ECIG）在过去十年中越来越受欢迎，并改变了人们使用尼古丁的方式。临床前研究对于了解与 ECIG 使用相关的成瘾特性和健康风险至关重要；然而，研究实验室没有使用标准的给药方案。主要目标是确定蒸气抽吸持续时间、给药时间长度和调味电子烟液如何改变一般行为和情绪障碍相关行为，同时提供蒸气给药参数的基础。将成年雄性和雌性 C57BL/6 小鼠暴露于数次无尼古丁的无味蒸气抽吸持续时间（1、3、6 或 10 秒）和蒸气给药时间长度（10 和 30 分钟），然后通过以下测定进行测量：运动活性 (LMA)、尾部悬挂测试 (TST) 和明暗测试。还评估了美加明的影响以及蒸气引起的 LMA 抑制的时程。此外，小鼠接受调味（草莓和冒险家烟草混合物）蒸气吸入，并测量其运动活性、尾部悬挂测试和明暗测试。在 10 分钟和 30 分钟的蒸汽给药疗程后，行进距离、中心时间和站立时间均随抽吸持续时间而减少。蒸汽引起的 LMA 抑制不是由尼古丁或烟碱乙酰胆碱受体 (nAChR) 激活介导的，持续 60-90 分钟。在明暗测试中，10 秒的抽吸持续时间通过减少在亮侧花费的时间产生了类似焦虑的效果。蒸气吸入并没有显着改变 TST 行为。没有发现性别或味道的显着影响。由于许多青少年吸食不含尼古丁的调味电子烟液，吸入不含尼古丁的蒸气会产生类似焦虑的作用，而且 ECIG 与情绪障碍之间存在关联。此外，这些研究表明，蒸汽抽吸持续时间（而不是蒸汽给药时间长度）是研究设计过程中需要考虑的重要变量，因为它可能成为混杂变量并改变基线行为。
Electronic-cigarette’s (ECIGs) popularity has grown over the last decade and changed the way individuals administer nicotine. Preclinical research is imperative for understanding the addictive properties and health-risks associated with ECIG use; however, there is not a standard dosing regimen used across research laboratories. The main objective was to determine how vapor puff durations, administration session length, and flavored e-liquid alters general and mood-disorder related behaviors while providing a foundation of vapor administration parameters. Adult male and female C57BL/6 mice were exposed to several nicotine-free unflavored vapor puff durations (1, 3, 6, or 10 sec) and vapor administration session lengths (10 and 30 mins) then measured on the following assays: locomotor activity (LMA), tail suspension test (TST), and light-dark test. The effects of mecamylamine and the time-course of vapor-induced depression of LMA also were assessed. Additionally, mice were exposed to flavored (strawberry and adventurers tobacco blend) vapor inhalation and measured on locomotor activity, tail suspension test, and light-dark test. Following both 10 and 30 min vapor administration session, there was a puff duration-dependent decrease in distance traveled, time in center, and rearing. The vapor-induced depression of LMA was not mediated by nicotine or nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) activation and lasted 60-90 mins. The 10 sec puff duration produced an anxiogenic-like effect in the light-dark test by decreasing the time spent in the light side. Vapor inhalation did not significantly alter TST behavior. No significant effects of sex or flavor were found. The anxiogenic-like effects of nicotine-free vapor inhalation are concerning as many adolescents vape nicotine-free flavored e-liquid, and there is an association between ECIGs and mood disorders. Additionally, these studies demonstrate that vapor puff duration, but not vapor administration session length, is an important variable to consider during research design as it can become a confounding variable and alter baseline behaviors.
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影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Hilpert, Markus;Ilievski, Vesna;Kleiman, Norman J.
通讯作者：
Kleiman, Norman J.
影响因子：
1.6
作者：
Honeycutt, Sarah C.;Garrett, Patrick I.;Hillhouse, Todd M.
通讯作者：
Hillhouse, Todd M.
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Laube BL;Afshar-Mohajer N;Koehler K;Chen G;Lazarus P;Collaco JM;McGrath-Morrow SA
通讯作者：
McGrath-Morrow SA
影响因子：
4.7
作者：
Avelar, Alicia J.;Akers, Austin T.;Henderson, Brandon J.
通讯作者：
Henderson, Brandon J.
影响因子：
15.1
作者：
Chen, Hui;Wang, Baoming;Oliver, Brian G.
通讯作者：
Oliver, Brian G.