Explaining Divergent Trends in Coups and Mutinies: The End of the Cold War and the Role of Military Agency

Explaining Divergent Trends in Coups and Mutinies: The End of the Cold War and the Role of Military Agency
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解释政变和叛变的不同趋势:冷战的结束和军事机构的作用

DOI:
10.1080/09636412.2020.1859129
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发表时间:
2021
期刊:
影响因子:
1.8
通讯作者:
Dwyer M
Dwyer M
中科院分区:
法学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Dwyer M

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政变和兵变通常被视为大致相同的行为类型。然而,它们是由不同的行为者实施的不同形式的无纪律行为,具有根本不同的目标。这篇文章对政变和兵变的学术研究有两个贡献。首先,我们首次系统地尝试比较它们的发生率,并利用西非和中非的数据说明它们在一段时间内发生频率的差异。特别是,我们发现随着时间的推移,政变和兵变的频率出现了惊人的差异,以及一系列与冷战结束相吻合的波动。其次,我们建立了一个新的理论来解释这些不同的趋势。我们专注于机构在军队中的作用,并认为与冷战结束相关的动荡是由武装部队中的初级和高级军官以不同的方式经历的。这反过来又有助于解释政变和兵变企图的变化。
Coups and mutinies have often been treated as broadly equivalent types of behavior. However, they are distinct forms of indiscipline carried out by different sets of actors and have fundamentally distinct goals. This article makes two contributions to the scholarship on both coups and mutinies. First, we offer the first systematic attempt to compare their rates and illustrate the difference in their frequency over time, drawing on data from West and Central Africa. In particular, we identify a striking divergence in the frequency of coups and mutinies over time as well as a set of fluctuations that coincide with the end of the Cold War. Second, we build a new theory to explain these divergent trends. We focus on the role of agency within the military and argue that the upheavals associated with the end of the Cold War were experienced in different ways by junior and senior ranks within armed forces. This, in turn, helps account for variation in the coup and mutiny attempts.
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