Augmenting Peripheral Nerve Regeneration with Adipose-Derived Stem Cells.

Augmenting Peripheral Nerve Regeneration with Adipose-Derived Stem Cells.
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DOI:
10.1007/s12015-021-10236-5
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发表时间:
2022-03
影响因子:
4.8
通讯作者:
Jia X
Jia X
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Jiang L;Mee T;Zhou X;Jia X

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周围神经损伤(PNI)是常见的且使人衰弱的,对社会造成显著的医疗保健成本,并且主要依赖于自体移植物,这需要非局部地移植神经节段以修复神经损伤。改善治疗的一种可能方法是支持内源性再生机制或在周围神经系统中生物工程新的神经组织。本文就大鼠临界神经缺损和神经再生的研究进展进行综述,并对脂肪干细胞(ADSCs)在治疗PNI中的作用进行总结。描述了PNI的几种再生治疗模式:ADSC分化为雪旺细胞(SC),ADSC分泌生长因子以促进周围神经生长,ADSC促进髓鞘形成生长,以及ADSC用支架治疗。ADSC在再生治疗中的作用和特征与间充质干细胞进行了比较,并讨论了给药途径,细胞剂量和细胞命运。ADSC分泌神经营养因子和外泌体,并可以分化为施万细胞样细胞(SCLC),这些细胞与天然存在的SC具有相同的特征,包括促进PNS中神经再生的能力。还讨论了未来的临床应用。
Peripheral nerve injuries (PNIs) are common and debilitating, cause significant health care costs for society, and rely predominately on autografts, which necessitate grafting a nerve section non-locally to repair the nerve injury. One possible approach to improving treatment is bolstering endogenous regenerative mechanisms or bioengineering new nervous tissue in the peripheral nervous system. In this review, we discuss critical-sized nerve gaps and nerve regeneration in rats, and summarize the roles of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) in the treatment of PNIs. Several regenerative treatment modalities for PNI are described: ADSCs differentiating into Schwann cells (SCs), ADSCs secreting growth factors to promote peripheral nerve growth, ADSCs promoting myelination growth, and ADSCs treatments with scaffolds. ADSCs’ roles in regenerative treatment and features are compared to mesenchymal stem cells, and the administration routes, cell dosages, and cell fates are discussed. ADSCs secrete neurotrophic factors and exosomes and can differentiate into Schwann cell-like cells (SCLCs) that share features with naturally occurring SCs, including the ability to promote nerve regeneration in the PNS. Future clinical applications are also discussed.
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