Balance beam crossing times are slower after noise exposure in rats.
Balance beam crossing times are slower after noise exposure in rats.
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DOI：
10.3389/fnint.2023.1196477
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Stewart, Courtney Elaine
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bartikofsky, Dylan;Hertz, Mikayla Jade;Bauer, David S.;Altschuler, Richard;King, W. Michael;Stewart, Courtney Elaine
前庭系统集成了与视觉、头部位置、重力、运动和身体位置相关的信号，以在环境中运动时提供稳定性。这些系统中的任何一个出现中断都会降低敏捷性，并导致安全导航环境的能力发生变化。前庭功能衰退的原因多种多样；然而，过度的噪音暴露会导致耳石器官功能障碍。具体来说，120 分贝 (dB) 声压级 (SPL) 1.5 kHz 为中心的 3 倍频程噪声 (1.5 kHz 3OBN) 会导致大鼠外周前庭功能障碍，通过前庭短潜伏期诱发电位 (VsEP) 测量，并减少球囊纹状体区域仅花萼传入末梢的钙结合蛋白免疫标记。本研究检查了这种噪声暴露条件对功能的影响，通过平衡木穿越任务检查了噪声暴露后运动性能的变化。在噪声暴露前 19 周和噪声暴露后 5 周评估了大鼠的平衡木穿越时间。对平衡木交叉进行评分以评估任务的熟练程度。当动物熟练时，它们会接受一次 120 dB SPL 3 倍频程噪声的暴露。在最初的训练阶段，观察到较慢的穿越时间和较高的分数，包括多次失败。接下来是一段时间的显着提高，导致熟练程度的提高，其特点是快速稳定的穿越时间和持续的低分。暴露于噪音后，穿越时间在 4 周内较基线显着增加。噪声暴露后总共 5 周，穿越时间有所改善，尽管仍趋势高于基线，但与基线不再有显着差异。这些发现表明，我们之前在细胞和电生理水平上观察到的噪声引起的外周前庭变化也在功能水平上产生影响。之前的研究表明，不平衡与老年人和老年大鼠行走速度减慢有关。这些在暴露于噪音的老鼠身上的发现可能对那些经历过噪音环境的人以及有噪音暴露史的老年人有影响，因为他们也经历过平衡障碍，跌倒风险可能增加。
The vestibular system integrates signals related to vision, head position, gravity, motion, and body position to provide stability during motion through the environment. Disruption in any of these systems can reduce agility and lead to changes in ability to safely navigate one’s environment. Causes of vestibular decline are diverse; however, excessive noise exposure can lead to otolith organ dysfunction. Specifically, 120 decibel (dB) sound pressure level (SPL) 1.5 kHz-centered 3-octave band noise (1.5 kHz 3OBN) causes peripheral vestibular dysfunction in rats, measured by vestibular short-latency evoked potential (VsEP) and reduced calretinin-immunolabeling of calyx-only afferent terminals in the striolar region of the saccule. The present study examined the functional impact of this noise exposure condition, examining changes in motor performance after noise exposure with a balance beam crossing task. Balance beam crossing time in rats was assessed for 19 weeks before and 5 weeks after noise exposure. Balance beam crossings were scored to assess proficiency in the task. When animals were proficient, they received a single exposure to 120 dB SPL 3-octave band noise. During the initial training phase slower crossing times and higher scores, including multiple failures were observed. This was followed by a period of significant improvement leading to proficiency, characterized by fast and stable crossing times and consistently low scores. After noise exposure, crossing times were significantly elevated from baseline for 4-weeks. A total of 5 weeks after noise exposure, crossing times improved, and though still trending higher than baseline, they were no longer significantly different from baseline. These findings show that the noise-induced peripheral vestibular changes we previously observed at cellular and electro-physiological levels also have an impact at a functional level. It has been previously shown that imbalance is associated with slower walking speed in older adults and aged rats. These findings in noise-exposed rats may have implications for people who experience noisy environments and for seniors with a history of noise exposure who also experience balance disorders and may be at increased fall risk.
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