Measuring heightened attention to alcohol in a naturalistic setting: A validation study.
Measuring heightened attention to alcohol in a naturalistic setting: A validation study.
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DOI：
10.1037/pha0000157
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发表时间：
2017-12
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Fillmore MT
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Monem RG;Fillmore MT
对酒精相关刺激的注意偏差被认为是药物滥用发展和维持的重要因素。有相当多的研究考察了注意偏差，其中大部分通常利用图像显示任务作为评估现象的一种手段。然而，人们对个人自然环境中这种偏见的性质知之甚少。目前的研究试图实施一种新的方法来评估体内的注意偏向。参与者戴着便携式眼球跟踪眼镜，从他们的角度记录视频，并测量他们观察到的物体的注视时间。他们进入了一个被设计成代表娱乐环境的房间，里面既有酒精饮料，也有非酒精“中性”饮料以及其他刺激物。在两个不同的测试阶段，参与者可以自由地在视觉上探索房间。在实验1中，参与者对酒精和中性饮料的注视时间相似。在实验2中，观察到了对酒精饮料的注意偏向，因为注视时间减少到中性，但对酒精饮料没有。注意力偏差的大小与饮酒习惯呈正相关，饮酒量越大的人对酒精的偏见程度越高。这些发现提供了一个生态模型，说明随着时间的推移，注意力偏向如何发展为对酒精刺激保持注意力而对其他刺激的注意力减弱的净结果。
Attentional bias to alcohol-related stimuli is believed to be an important contributor to the development and maintenance of drug abuse. There is a considerable body of research examining attentional bias, much of which has typically utilized image-display tasks as a means to assess the phenomenon. Little, however, is known about the nature of this bias in an individual’s natural environment. The current study sought to implement a novel approach to assessing attentional bias in vivo. Participants wore portable eye-tracking glasses that recorded video from their point of view and measured fixation time to objects they observed. They entered a room that was designed to represent a recreational setting where both alcohol and non-alcoholic “neutral” beverages were placed along with other stimuli. In two different testing sessions, participants were free to visually explore the room. Participants showed similar fixation times to alcohol and neutral beverages during session 1. Attentional bias to alcoholic beverages was observed in session 2, as fixation time decreased to neutral and but not to alcoholic beverages. The magnitude of attentional bias was positively associated with drinking habits, with heavier drinkers demonstrating a higher degree of bias to alcohol. These findings provide an ecological model of how attentional bias can develop as the net result of attention being sustained to alcoholic stimuli while diminishing to other stimuli over time.
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影响因子：
56.9
作者：
CLONINGER, CR
通讯作者：
CLONINGER, CR
DOI：
10.15288/jsa.1981.42.547
发表时间：
1981-01-01
期刊：
JOURNAL OF STUDIES ON ALCOHOL
影响因子：
--
作者：
WATSON, PE;WATSON, ID;BATT, RD
通讯作者：
BATT, RD
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Weafer, Jessica;Fillmore, Mark T.
通讯作者：
Fillmore, Mark T.
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Duka, T;Townshend, JM
通讯作者：
Townshend, JM
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Ataya, Alia F.;Adams, Sally;Munafo, Marcus R.
通讯作者：
Munafo, Marcus R.