Detoxification of gold nanorods by treatment with polystyrenesulfonate.
Detoxification of gold nanorods by treatment with polystyrenesulfonate.
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DOI：
10.1021/nn800466c
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发表时间：
2008-12-23
期刊：
影响因子：
17.1
通讯作者：
Wei, Alexander
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Leonov, Alexei P.;Zheng, Jiwen;Clogston, Jeffrey D.;Stern, Stephan T.;Patri, Anil K.;Wei, Alexander
我们解决了与金纳米棒（GNRs）的生物相容性相关的一个突出问题，金纳米棒是一种有前途的生物医学成像和治疗试剂。gnr通常是在十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（CTAB）存在下制备的，CTAB是一种阳离子表面活性剂，由于其细胞毒性和膜损害特性，必须严格去除。聚苯乙烯磺酸盐（PSS）是一种阴离子聚电解质，通常用作替代助剂，然后进行氯仿萃取和超滤，以最小的分散稳定性损失来部分纯化ctaba稳定的gnr。然而，pss包被GNRs的体外细胞毒性测试显示IC50值在低至亚微摩尔范围内，随后的研究表明毒性来源与持久性PSS-CTAB复合物有关。进一步将含ctab的PSS与新鲜聚电解质交换，极大地改善了生物相容性，85 μg/mL的“不含ctab”GNRs（评估的最高水平）与标准磷酸盐缓冲液的毒性相当。具有讽刺意味的是，PSS本身并不能有效地稳定ctab -贫悬浮液中的GNR：虽然作为GNR解毒的清洁剂是有用的，但在生理条件下，为了长期稳定，它应该被更坚固的涂层所取代。
We address an outstanding issue associated with the biocompatibility of gold nanorods (GNRs), a promising agent for biomedical imaging and theragnostics. GNRs are typically prepared in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), a cationic surfactant whose rigorous removal is necessary due to its cytotoxicity and membrane-compromising properties. CTAB-stabilized GNRs can be partially purified by treatment with polystyrenesulfonate (PSS), an anionic polyelectrolyte often used as a surrogate peptizing agent, followed by chloroform extraction and ultrafiltration with minimal loss of dispersion stability. However, in vitro cytotoxicity assays of PSS-coated GNRs revealed IC50 values in the low to submicromolar range, with subsequent studies indicating the source of toxicity to be associated with a persistent PSS—CTAB complex. Further exchange of CTAB-laden PSS with fresh polyelectrolyte greatly improves biocompatibility, to the extent that 85 μg/mL of “CTAB-free” GNRs (the highest level evaluated) has comparable toxicity to a standard phosphate buffer solution. Ironically, PSS is not effective by itself at stabilizing GNRs in CTAB-depleted suspensions: while useful as a detergent for GNR detoxification, it should be replaced by more robust coatings for long-term stability under physiological conditions.
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影响因子：
10.8
作者：
Durr, Nicholas J.;Larson, Timothy;Ben-Yakar, Adela
通讯作者：
Ben-Yakar, Adela
影响因子：
3.9
作者：
Huff, Terry B.;Hansen, Matthew N.;Wei, Alexander
通讯作者：
Wei, Alexander
影响因子：
4
作者：
Kim, Kang;Huang, Sheng-Wen;Kaplan, Mariana J.
通讯作者：
Kaplan, Mariana J.
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.2232479100
发表时间：
2003-11-11
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Hirsch, LR;Stafford, RJ;West, JL
通讯作者：
West, JL
影响因子：
4.9
作者：
Dai, Qiu;Coutts, Janelle;Huo, Qun
通讯作者：
Huo, Qun