Greater risk sensitivity of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in young smokers than in nonsmokers.
Greater risk sensitivity of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in young smokers than in nonsmokers.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/s00213-013-3113-x
复制
发表时间：
2013-09
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
London, Edythe D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Galvan, Adriana;Schonberg, Tom;Mumford, Jeanette;Kohno, Milky;Poldrack, Russell A.;London, Edythe D.
尽管全国范围内吸烟的流行率有所下降，但约19%的美国成年人仍坚持吸烟，其中18-25岁的流行率最高。鉴于吸烟的选择会带来已知的健康风险，澄清吸烟者与决策有关的大脑功能，特别是涉及冒险的大脑功能，可能会为预防和戒烟策略提供参考。这项研究旨在比较年轻吸烟者和不吸烟者与决策相关的大脑功能。气球模拟风险任务(BART)是一种计算机化的高风险决策任务，参与者在其中注入虚拟气球，每个气球都与给定试验的潜在回报的增量增加相关，但也有更大的气球爆炸和回报损失的风险。我们使用这项任务来比较吸烟者(n=18)和不吸烟者(n=25)在功能磁共振成像(FMRI)期间进行BART时大脑激活与高风险决策的相关性。参与者是17-21岁的年轻男性和女性。在吸烟者中，风险水平(吸烟泵的数量)对右侧背外侧和腹外侧前额叶皮质的调节作用比非吸烟者更大；吸烟严重程度(吸烟指数)与邻近额叶区域的这种调节呈正相关。鉴于右侧背外侧和腹外侧额叶皮质参与抑制控制的证据，这些发现表明，年轻吸烟者与不吸烟者相比，前额叶皮质底物对高风险决策的贡献不同。未来的研究有必要确定所观察到的神经生物学差异是吸烟之前的还是吸烟造成的。
Despite a national reduction in the prevalence of cigarette smoking, ~19% of the adult U.S. population persists in this behavior, with the highest prevalence among 18–25-year-olds. Given that the choice to smoke imposes a known health risk, clarification of brain function related to decision-making, particularly involving risk-taking, in smokers may inform prevention and smoking cessation strategies. This study aimed to compare brain function related to decision-making in young smokers and nonsmokers. The Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART) is a computerized risky decision-making task in which participants pump virtual balloons, each pump associated with an incremental increase in potential payoff on a given trial but also with greater risk of balloon explosion and loss of payoff. We used this task to compare brain activation associated with risky decision-making in smokers (n=18) and nonsmokers (n=25) while they performed the BART during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The participants were young men and women, 17–21 years of age. Risk level (number of pumps) modulated brain activation in the right dorsolateral and ventrolateral prefrontal cortices more in smokers than in nonsmokers; and smoking severity (Heaviness of Smoking Index) was positively related to this modulation in an adjacent frontal region. Given evidence for involvement of the right dorsolateral and ventrolateral prefrontal cortices in inhibitory control, these findings suggest that young smokers have a different contribution of prefrontal cortical substrates to risky decision-making than nonsmokers. Future studies are warranted to determine whether the observed neurobiological differences precede or result from smoking.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
5.7
作者：
Jenkinson, M;Bannister, P;Smith, S
通讯作者：
Smith, S
影响因子：
5.7
作者：
Beckmann, CF;Jenkinson, M;Smith, SM
通讯作者：
Smith, SM
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Jacobsen, Leslie K.;Mencl, W. Einar;Pugh, Kenneth R.
通讯作者：
Pugh, Kenneth R.
影响因子：
7.6
作者：
Galvan, Adriana;Poldrack, Russell A.;London, Edythe D.
通讯作者：
London, Edythe D.
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Dean, Andy C.;Sugar, Catherine A.;Hellemann, Gerhard;London, Edythe D.
通讯作者：
London, Edythe D.