Maternal Responses and Adaptive Changes to Environmental Stress via Chronic Nanomaterial Exposure: Differences in Inter and Transgenerational Interclonal Broods of Daphnia magna.
Maternal Responses and Adaptive Changes to Environmental Stress via Chronic Nanomaterial Exposure: Differences in Inter and Transgenerational Interclonal Broods of Daphnia magna.
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DOI：
10.3390/ijms22010015
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发表时间：
2020-12-22
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Lynch I
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ellis LA;Kissane S;Lynch I
人们越来越认识到，模型物种中的环境纳米生物相互作用及其对后代的影响对于纳米材料（NM）风险评估至关重要。在这项工作中，大型溞 F0 母体暴露于一系列银和二氧化钛纳米材料中。对第一代 (F1B1)、第三代 (F1B3) 和第五代 (F1B5) 代 F1 代的关键生物生活史特征（生存、生长和繁殖）进行了研究。此外，在连续或脱离 NM 暴露的情况下，对三个后代中每一个的 F1 种系进行了 3 代以上（每代最多 25 天）的研究，以确定母体暴露时间的长短如何影响所产生的克隆后代。我们的结果显示了水蚤如何应对 NM 引起的压力，以及母性效应如何显示生长、繁殖和生存之间的权衡。 F1B1（以及随后的种系）的 F0 母体暴露于 NM 的时间最短，因此是最敏感的，显示出尺寸和生殖输出的减小。 F1B3 一代具有亚慢性母体暴露，而 F1B5 一代则遭受慢性母体暴露，（在大多数情况下）针对长期 NM 暴露表现出最具补偿性的适应性效应，包括新生儿产量增加和基因表达减少。多种种系的跨代反应表明，与母体暴露于 NM 的“亚致死”效应浓度（根据长期表现为致命的标准 OECD 急性毒性测试确定）的时间有直接联系，包括 F1B3 和 G1B5 种系中雄性的存活率和产量增加。这些信息可能有助于微调 NM 的环境风险评估并预测其对环境生态的影响。
There is increasing recognition that environmental nano-biological interactions in model species, and the resulting effects on progeny, are of paramount importance for nanomaterial (NM) risk assessment. In this work, Daphnia magna F0 mothers were exposed to a range of silver and titanium dioxide NMs. The key biological life history traits (survival, growth and reproduction) of the F1 intergenerations, at the first (F1B1), third (F1B3) and fifth (F1B5) broods, were investigated. Furthermore, the F1 germlines of each of the three broods were investigated over 3 more generations (up to 25 days each) in continuous or removed-from NM exposure, to identify how the length of maternal exposure affects the resulting clonal broods. Our results show how daphnids respond to NM-induced stress, and how the maternal effects show trade-offs between growth, reproduction and survivorship. The F1B1 (and following germline) had the shortest F0 maternal exposure times to the NMs, and thus were the most sensitive showing reduced size and reproductive output. The F1B3 generation had a sub-chronic maternal exposure, whereas the F1B5 generation suffered chronic maternal exposure where (in most cases) the most compensatory adaptive effects were displayed in response to the prolonged NM exposure, including enhanced neonate output and reduced gene expression. Transgenerational responses of multiple germlines showed a direct link with maternal exposure time to ‘sub-lethal’ effect concentrations of NMs (identified from standard OECDs acute toxicity tests which chronically presented as lethal) including increased survival and production of males in the F1B3 and G1B5 germlines. This information may help to fine-tune environmental risk assessments of NMs and prediction of their impacts on environmental ecology.
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