Natural climate solutions.
Natural climate solutions.
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DOI:
10.1073/pnas.1710465114
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发表时间:
2017-10-31
影响因子:
11.1
通讯作者:
Fargione J
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Griscom BW;Adams J;Ellis PW;Houghton RA;Lomax G;Miteva DA;Schlesinger WH;Shoch D;Siikamäki JV;Smith P;Woodbury P;Zganjar C;Blackman A;Campari J;Conant RT;Delgado C;Elias P;Gopalakrishna T;Hamsik MR;Herrero M;Kiesecker J;Landis E;Laestadius L;Leavitt SM;Minnemeyer S;Polasky S;Potapov P;Putz FE;Sanderman J;Silvius M;Wollenberg E;Fargione J
Most nations recently agreed to hold global average temperature rise to well below 2 °C. We examine how much climate mitigation nature can contribute to this goal with a comprehensive analysis of “natural climate solutions” (NCS): 20 conservation, restoration, and/or improved land management actions that increase carbon storage and/or avoid greenhouse gas emissions across global forests, wetlands, grasslands, and agricultural lands. We show that NCS can provide over one-third of the cost-effective climate mitigation needed between now and 2030 to stabilize warming to below 2 °C. Alongside aggressive fossil fuel emissions reductions, NCS offer a powerful set of options for nations to deliver on the Paris Climate Agreement while improving soil productivity, cleaning our air and water, and maintaining biodiversity. Better stewardship of land is needed to achieve the Paris Climate Agreement goal of holding warming to below 2 °C; however, confusion persists about the specific set of land stewardship options available and their mitigation potential. To address this, we identify and quantify “natural climate solutions” (NCS): 20 conservation, restoration, and improved land management actions that increase carbon storage and/or avoid greenhouse gas emissions across global forests, wetlands, grasslands, and agricultural lands. We find that the maximum potential of NCS—when constrained by food security, fiber security, and biodiversity conservation—is 23.8 petagrams of CO2 equivalent (PgCO2e) y−1 (95% CI 20.3–37.4). This is ≥30% higher than prior estimates, which did not include the full range of options and safeguards considered here. About half of this maximum (11.3 PgCO2e y−1) represents cost-effective climate mitigation, assuming the social cost of CO2 pollution is ≥100 USD MgCO2e−1 by 2030. Natural climate solutions can provide 37% of cost-effective CO2 mitigation needed through 2030 for a >66% chance of holding warming to below 2 °C. One-third of this cost-effective NCS mitigation can be delivered at or below 10 USD MgCO2−1. Most NCS actions—if effectively implemented—also offer water filtration, flood buffering, soil health, biodiversity habitat, and enhanced climate resilience. Work remains to better constrain uncertainty of NCS mitigation estimates. Nevertheless, existing knowledge reported here provides a robust basis for immediate global action to improve ecosystem stewardship as a major solution to climate change.
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影响因子:
6.6
作者:
Henderson, Benjamin B.;Gerber, Pierre J.;Conant, Richard T.
通讯作者:
Conant, Richard T.
DOI:
10.1073/pnas.1308044111
发表时间:
2014-03-11
影响因子:
11.1
作者:
Havlik, Petr;Valin, Hugo;Notenbaert, An
通讯作者:
Notenbaert, An
影响因子:
3.7
作者:
Ashton, Mark S.;Gunatilleke, C. V. S.;Tomimura, Chisato
通讯作者:
Tomimura, Chisato
影响因子:
30.7
作者:
Baccini, A.;Goetz, S. J.;Houghton, R. A.
通讯作者:
Houghton, R. A.
影响因子:
11.6
作者:
House, JI;Prentice, IC;Le Quéré, C
通讯作者:
Le Quéré, C