Does the response to cocaine differ as a function of sex or hormonal status in human and non-human primates?
Does the response to cocaine differ as a function of sex or hormonal status in human and non-human primates?
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DOI：
10.1016/j.yhbeh.2009.08.010
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发表时间：
2010-06
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Foltin RW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Evans SM;Foltin RW
兴奋剂滥用在妇女中继续成为一个日益严重的问题。在过去10至15年中，越来越多的研究集中于与男性相比，可能与女性滥用兴奋剂有关的因素，包括整个月经周期中荷尔蒙波动的作用。大量的临床前研究证明，雌性啮齿动物比雄性啮齿动物对兴奋剂的行为影响更敏感，雌性啮齿动物对兴奋剂的反应增强与雌二醇有关。相比之下，在人类和非人类灵长类动物中进行的研究较少，涉及性激素和性腺激素对可卡因影响的作用。这篇综述文章介绍了人类可卡因挑战实验室和非人类灵长类动物实验室收集的最新数据，包括可卡因药代动力学分析、性别差异、月经周期和黄体酮在调节可卡因反应中的作用。我们的研究表明，很少有证据表明鼻内可卡因的反应在月经周期或男女之间有所不同。相比之下，吸食可卡因在卵泡期的反应比黄体期更强烈，男女之间的差异通常只有在黄体期的男性和女性进行比较时才会出现。就这些差异的潜在激素机制而言，黄体酮激素减弱了对可卡因的主观反应。在可卡因自我服用方面，人类和非人类灵长类动物的月经周期变化极小。因此，在一系列物种中有越来越多的证据表明，可卡因的行为影响1)雄性和雌性不同，2)与激素波动有关，3)可以通过黄体酮减弱（至少在雌性中），以及4)似乎与可卡因药代动力学的差异无关。
Stimulant abuse continues to be a growing problem among women. Over the last 10-15 years, an increasing number of studies have focused on factors that may be implicated in stimulant abuse in women as compared to men, including the role of hormonal fluctuations across the menstrual cycle. Numerous preclinical studies have documented that female rodents are more sensitive than male rodents to the behavioral effects of stimulant administration and the hormone estradiol is involved in the enhanced response to stimulants observed in females. In contrast, fewer studies have been conducted in humans and non-human primates addressing the role of sex and gonadal hormones on the effects of cocaine. This review paper presents a recent update on data collected in our Human Cocaine Challenge Laboratory and our Non-human Primate Laboratory, including analysis of cocaine pharmacokinetics, sex differences, the menstrual cycle, and the role of progesterone in modulating the response to cocaine. Our studies indicate that there is minimal evidence that the response to intranasal cocaine varies across the menstrual cycle or between men and women. In contrast, the response to smoked cocaine is greater in the follicular phase than the luteal phase and differences between men and women generally only emerge when men are compared to women in the luteal phase. In terms of potential hormonal mechanisms for these differences, the hormone progesterone attenuates the subjective response to cocaine. With respect to cocaine self-administration, there are minimal changes across the menstrual cycle in both humans and non-human primates. Thus, there is converging evidence across a range of species that the behavioral effects of cocaine 1) differ between males and females, 2) differ in relation to hormonal fluctuations, 3) can be attenuated by progesterone (at least in females), and 4) do not appear to be related to differences in cocaine pharmacokinetics.
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影响因子：
7.6
作者：
Evans, SM;Haney, M;Foltin, RW
通讯作者：
Foltin, RW
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Feltenstein, Matthew W.;Byrd, Elizabeth A.;See, Ronald E.
通讯作者：
See, Ronald E.
影响因子：
2.3
作者：
Evans, Suzette M.
通讯作者：
Evans, Suzette M.
影响因子：
2.3
作者：
Anker, Justin J.;Larson, Erin B.;Carroll, Marilyn E.
通讯作者：
Carroll, Marilyn E.
DOI：
10.1111/j.1749-6632.2001.tb03564.x
发表时间：
2001-01-01
期刊：
BIOLOGICAL BASIS OF COCAINE ADDICTION
影响因子：
--
作者：
Becker, JB;Molenda, H;Hummer, DL
通讯作者：
Hummer, DL