From Deer-to-Deer: SARS-CoV-2 is efficiently transmitted and presents broad tissue tropism and replication sites in white-tailed deer.
From Deer-to-Deer: SARS-CoV-2 is efficiently transmitted and presents broad tissue tropism and replication sites in white-tailed deer.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.ppat.1010197
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发表时间：
2022-03
期刊：
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Diel DG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Martins M;Boggiatto PM;Buckley A;Cassmann ED;Falkenberg S;Caserta LC;Fernandes MHV;Kanipe C;Lager K;Palmer MV;Diel DG
严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2型（SARS-CoV-2）是2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）的病原体，具有广泛的宿主范围，能够感染家畜和野生动物物种。特别是白尾鹿美洲分布最广的鹿科动物弗吉尼亚小尾寒羊（WTD，Odocoileus virginianus）在攻毒研究中显示对SARS-CoV-2高度易感，并报告在美国自由放养的WTD中自然感染/暴露率接近30-40%。了解SARS-CoV-2在WTD中的感染和传播动力学对于防止未来人畜共患病向人类的传播至关重要，在狩猎或鹿肉养殖过程中的人-WTD界面，以及实施有效的疾病控制措施。在这里，我们证明了鼻内接种SARS-CoV-2 B.1谱系后，WTD幼仔（约8月龄）在接种后第5天（pi）释放感染性病毒，鼻和口腔分泌物中释放高病毒载量。这导致在第3天pi有效的鹿对鹿的传播。与感染后第5天缺乏传染性SARS-CoV-2散毒一致，在感染后第6天和第9天添加的接触动物中未观察到传播。我们还研究了SARS-CoV-2在成人WTD（3-4岁）中复制的嗜性和位点。感染性病毒检测到第6天的鼻分泌物，并从各种呼吸道，淋巴和中枢神经系统组织，表明广泛的组织嗜性和多个网站的病毒复制。这项研究为SARS-CoV-2在WTD中的感染和传播动力学提供了重要的见解，WTD是一种非常容易感染的野生动物物种，有可能成为该病毒在该领域的储存库。白尾鹿（WTD）对SARS-CoV-2的高度易感性，它们将病毒传播给其他鹿的能力，以及最近的研究结果表明，在美国野生WTD种群中广泛存在SARS-CoV-2感染，这些都强调了更好地了解SARS-CoV-2在这一潜在宿主物种中的感染和传播动态的必要性。在这里，我们研究了SARS-CoV-2的传播动力学鼻内接种小鹿后，通过添加接触动物在第3天，第6天，或第9 PI和定义的主要网站的病毒复制在急性感染期。此外，我们评估了病毒在动物之间复制和传播时的演变。这项工作提供了关于SARS-CoV-2在WTD中的感染动力学的重要信息，WTD是一种动物物种，如果被证实为新的感染宿主，可能会提供许多暴露机会和潜在的人畜共患病毒传播回人类。
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in humans, has a broad host range, and is able to infect domestic and wild animal species. Notably, white-tailed deer (WTD, Odocoileus virginianus), the most widely distributed cervid species in the Americas, were shown to be highly susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 in challenge studies and reported natural infection/exposure rates approaching 30–40% in free-ranging WTD in the U.S. Thus, understanding the infection and transmission dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 in WTD is critical to prevent future zoonotic transmission to humans, at the human-WTD interface during hunting or venison farming, and for implementation of effective disease control measures. Here, we demonstrated that following intranasal inoculation with SARS-CoV-2 B.1 lineage, WTD fawns (~8-month-old) shed infectious virus up to day 5 post-inoculation (pi), with high viral loads shed in nasal and oral secretions. This resulted in efficient deer-to-deer transmission on day 3 pi. Consistent a with lack of infectious SARS-CoV-2 shedding after day 5 pi, no transmission was observed to contact animals added on days 6 and 9 pi. We have also investigated the tropism and sites of SARS-CoV-2 replication in adult WTD (3–4 years of age). Infectious virus was detected up to day 6 pi in nasal secretions, and from various respiratory-, lymphoid-, and central nervous system tissues, indicating broad tissue tropism and multiple sites of virus replication. The study provides important insights on the infection and transmission dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 in WTD, a wild animal species that is highly susceptible to infection and with the potential to become a reservoir for the virus in the field. The high susceptibility of white-tailed deer (WTD) to SARS-CoV-2, their ability to transmit the virus to other deer, and the recent findings suggesting widespread SARS-CoV-2 infection in wild WTD populations in the U.S. underscore the need for a better understanding of the infection and transmission dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 in this potential reservoir species. Here we investigated the transmission dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 following intranasal inoculation of deer fawns by adding contact animals on days 3, 6, or 9 pi and defined the major sites of virus replication during the acute phase of infection. Additionally, we assessed the evolution of the virus as it replicated and transmitted between animals. The work provides important information on the infection dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 in WTD, an animal species that—if confirmed as a new reservoir of infection—may provide many opportunities for exposure and potential zoonotic transmission of the virus back to humans.
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影响因子：
28.3
作者：
Gorbalenya, Alexander E.;Baker, Susan C.;Ziebuhr, John
通讯作者：
Ziebuhr, John
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.2114828118
发表时间：
2021-11-23
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Chandler JC;Bevins SN;Ellis JW;Linder TJ;Tell RM;Jenkins-Moore M;Root JJ;Lenoch JB;Robbe-Austerman S;DeLiberto TJ;Gidlewski T;Kim Torchetti M;Shriner SA
通讯作者：
Shriner SA
影响因子：
30.3
作者：
Kim, Young-Il;Kim, Seong-Gyu;Choi, Young Ki
通讯作者：
Choi, Young Ki
影响因子：
11.8
作者：
Freuling CM;Breithaupt A;Müller T;Sehl J;Balkema-Buschmann A;Rissmann M;Klein A;Wylezich C;Höper D;Wernike K;Aebischer A;Hoffmann D;Friedrichs V;Dorhoi A;Groschup MH;Beer M;Mettenleiter TC
通讯作者：
Mettenleiter TC
影响因子：
11.8
作者：
Lau, Susanna K. P.;Luk, Hayes K. H.;Woo, Patrick C. Y.
通讯作者：
Woo, Patrick C. Y.