An Evaluation of Alcohol Sensitivity in the Context of the Acquired Preparedness Model.
An Evaluation of Alcohol Sensitivity in the Context of the Acquired Preparedness Model.
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DOI：
10.1080/16066359.2019.1653862
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Hendershot CS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Heath LM;Wardell JD;Hendershot CS
获得性准备模型(APM)假设冲动相关特征与饮酒之间的关系部分是通过偏向地获得积极的酒精预期来调节的。此外，酒精管理研究表明，冲动相关的特征与对急性酒精效应的敏感性之间存在关联，这表明冲动与预期之间的关联可以部分解释为酒精反应的个体差异。本研究通过测试以下预测来评估APM的理论扩展：自我报告的酒精敏感性将部分中介冲动-预期关系，以及酒精敏感性变量的添加将解释饮酒量和问题相对于传统APM的差异增加。青壮年重度饮酒者(N=300，女性53%)完成了酒精敏感性问卷、UPPS-P冲动行为量表、酒精预期(酒精综合效应问卷)、饮酒量及相关问题的调查。使用通径分析检验假设。结果支持感觉寻求通过较高的积极期望对饮酒量和问题产生显著的间接影响。结果还支持消极紧迫感通过消极期望对饮酒问题产生显著的间接影响。尽管酒精敏感性变量与饮酒结果显示出独特的关联，但这些变量的添加并没有改善模型拟合度，而且涉及冲动相关特征、酒精敏感性和期望值的假设间接路径不受支持。未来的研究是必要的，以使这些结果与实验室的发现相一致，这些发现表明冲动的特征经常与对酒精的急性影响的敏感性有关。
The acquired preparedness model (APM) posits that relationships between impulsivity-related traits and alcohol use are partly mediated by the biased acquisition of positive alcohol expectancies. Additionally, alcohol administration studies implicate associations between impulsivity-related traits and sensitivity to acute alcohol effects, suggesting that impulsivity-expectancy associations could be partly explained by individual differences in alcohol response. The present study assessed a theoretical extension of the APM by testing the prediction that self-reported sensitivity to alcohol would partly mediate impulsivity-expectancy relationships, and that the addition of alcohol sensitivity variables would account for increased variance in drinking quantity and problems relative to the traditional APM. Young adult heavy drinkers (N = 300, 53% women) completed the Alcohol Sensitivity Questionnaire, the UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale, and measures of alcohol expectancies (Comprehensive Effects of Alcohol Questionnaire) and drinking quantity and related problems. Hypotheses were examined using path analysis. Results supported significant indirect effects of sensation seeking on drinking quantity and problems via higher positive expectancies. Results also supported a significant indirect effect of negative urgency on drinking problems via negative expectancies. Although alcohol sensitivity variables showed unique associations with drinking outcomes, the addition of these variables did not improve model fit and hypothesized indirect paths involving impulsivity-related traits, alcohol sensitivity, and expectancies were not supported. Future research is necessary to reconcile these results with laboratory findings suggesting that impulsive traits are frequently associated with sensitivity to alcohol’s acute effects.
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DOI：
10.1080/10705519909540118
发表时间：
1999-01-01
影响因子：
6
作者：
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通讯作者：
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期刊：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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影响因子：
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