Molecular basis of host specificity in human pathogenic bacteria.
Molecular basis of host specificity in human pathogenic bacteria.
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DOI：
10.1038/emi.2014.23
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发表时间：
2014-03
影响因子：
13.2
通讯作者：
Zhang, Jing-Ren
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pan, Xiaolei;Yang, Yang;Zhang, Jing-Ren
关键词：
病原菌表现出不同程度的宿主特异性或嗜性。虽然许多细菌可以感染广泛的宿主，但某些细菌作为专性人类病原体对人类具有严格的宿主选择性。了解病原菌宿主特异性的遗传和分子基础对于理解致病机制、开发更好的动物模型以及设计控制微生物疾病的新策略和疗法非常重要。细菌宿主特异性的分子机制比病毒病原体的分子机制了解得少得多，部分原因是细菌细胞的分子组成和细胞结构的复杂性。然而，在过去的二十年中，在鉴定和表征细菌宿主特异性的分子决定簇方面取得了重要进展。现在已经清楚，细菌病原体的宿主特异性是由病原体与其宿主之间的多种分子相互作用决定的。此外，关于细菌病原体的宿主特异性的某些基本原则已经从现有文献中出现。本文综述了人类致病菌的选择和我们目前对它们的宿主特异性的理解。
Pathogenic bacteria display various levels of host specificity or tropism. While many bacteria can infect a wide range of hosts, certain bacteria have strict host selectivity for humans as obligate human pathogens. Understanding the genetic and molecular basis of host specificity in pathogenic bacteria is important for understanding pathogenic mechanisms, developing better animal models and designing new strategies and therapeutics for the control of microbial diseases. The molecular mechanisms of bacterial host specificity are much less understood than those of viral pathogens, in part due to the complexity of the molecular composition and cellular structure of bacterial cells. However, important progress has been made in identifying and characterizing molecular determinants of bacterial host specificity in the last two decades. It is now clear that the host specificity of bacterial pathogens is determined by multiple molecular interactions between the pathogens and their hosts. Furthermore, certain basic principles regarding the host specificity of bacterial pathogens have emerged from the existing literature. This review focuses on selected human pathogenic bacteria and our current understanding of their host specificity.
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