Equipped to deal with uncertainty in climate and impacts predictions: lessons from internal peer review

Equipped to deal with uncertainty in climate and impacts predictions: lessons from internal peer review
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有能力应对气候和影响预测的不确定性:内部同行评审的经验教训

DOI:
10.1007/s10584-014-1213-1
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发表时间:
2014
期刊:
影响因子:
4.8
通讯作者:
Wesselink A
Wesselink A
中科院分区:
环境科学与生态学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Wesselink A

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不确定性的量化是一个日益流行的话题,对气候变化政策具有明显的重要性。然而,不确定性评估有多种解释,每种解释都可能导致不同的政策建议。在EQUIP项目中,来自英国气候建模、统计建模和影响社区的研究人员共同对气候变化及其影响进行了“端到端”不确定性评估。在这里,我们在项目成员之间的同行评审中使用一个实验来评估EQUIP研究人员对不确定性评估的差异。我们发现在不确定性的关键来源上总体上是一致的,但在不确定性评估所用方法的评估上存在很大差异。结果表明,针对专家的沟通使所使用的方法更难评估。也有证据表明存在个人偏见,这在一定程度上可归因于学科背景。然而,对用于量化不确定性的方法的不同意见并不妨碍对使用这些方法产生的相应结果达成一致意见。根据我们的分析,我们提出了关于气候及其影响的陈述的建议。这些措施包括使用通用的不确定性报告格式,以便明确假设;以过程和权衡的方式呈现结果,而不仅仅是数字范围;报告对不确定性的多重评估,以便更全面地阐明影响及其不确定性。这反过来意味着研究应该由具有各种背景和时间进行互动和讨论的人组成的团队来完成,产出更少但更全面,其中记录了各种意见。
The quantification of uncertainty is an increasingly popular topic, with clear importance for climate change policy. However, uncertainty assessments are open to a range of interpretations, each of which may lead to a different policy recommendation. In the EQUIP project researchers from the UK climate modelling, statistical modelling, and impacts communities worked together on ‘end-to-end’ uncertainty assessments of climate change and its impacts. Here, we use an experiment in peer review amongst project members to assess variation in the assessment of uncertainties between EQUIP researchers. We find overall agreement on key sources of uncertainty but a large variation in the assessment of the methods used for uncertainty assessment. Results show that communication aimed at specialists makes the methods used harder to assess. There is also evidence of individual bias, which is partially attributable to disciplinary backgrounds. However, varying views on the methods used to quantify uncertainty did not preclude consensus on the consequential results produced using those methods. Based on our analysis, we make recommendations for developing and presenting statements on climate and its impacts. These include the use of a common uncertainty reporting format in order to make assumptions clear; presentation of results in terms of processes and trade-offs rather than only numerical ranges; and reporting multiple assessments of uncertainty in order to elucidate a more complete picture of impacts and their uncertainties. This in turn implies research should be done by teams of people with a range of backgrounds and time for interaction and discussion, with fewer but more comprehensive outputs in which the range of opinions is recorded.
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