The effect of methylphenidate and rearing environment on behavioral inhibition in adult male rats.
The effect of methylphenidate and rearing environment on behavioral inhibition in adult male rats.
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DOI：
10.1007/s00213-011-2552-5
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发表时间：
2012-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Sanabria, Federico
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hill, Jade C.;Covarrubias, Pablo;Terry, Joel;Sanabria, Federico
关键词：
抑制强化反应的能力-行为抑制-在各种精神疾病中受损，包括注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）。方法和分析的局限性限制了我们对药理学和环境因素对行为抑制的影响的理解。确定急性哌醋甲酯（MPH）给药和饲养条件（隔离与成对饲养）对成年大鼠行为抑制的影响。抑制能力进行了评估，使用两个反应抑制任务，差分强化低利率（DRL）和固定的最小间隔（FMI）的强化时间表。这两项任务都使糖丸在连续反应之间的间隔超过6秒。抑制和计时能力的推断来自于抑制时间（interresponse times，或IRT）的分布。MPH增加了两项任务中产生的间隔数。在FMI中，行为抑制的估计值随着MPH剂量的增加而增加，在DRL中随着社会隔离而增加。尽管如此，突发响应DRL和DRL数据相对于过去的研究，除其他限制，破坏了DRL数据的可靠性作为行为抑制的推断的基础。抑制能力更精确地估计从FMI比从DRL性能。基于FMI数据，MPH，而不是一个社会丰富的环境，似乎提高抑制能力。最高剂量的MPH测试，8毫克/公斤，并没有减少抑制能力，但减少了等待突发事件的反应。这些结果支持使用FMI时间表，辅以适当的分析技术，在动物模型中的行为抑制的评估。
The ability to withhold reinforced responses—behavioral inhibition—is impaired in various psychiatric conditions including Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Methodological and analytical limitations have constrained our understanding of the effects of pharmacological and environmental factors on behavioral inhibition. To determine the effects of acute methylphenidate (MPH) administration and rearing conditions (isolated vs. pair-housed) on behavioral inhibition in adult rats. Inhibitory capacity was evaluated using two response-withholding tasks, differential reinforcement of low rates (DRL) and fixed minimum interval (FMI) schedules of reinforcement. Both tasks made sugar pellets contingent on intervals longer than 6 s between consecutive responses. Inferences on inhibitory and timing capacities were drawn from the distribution of withholding times (interresponse times, or IRTs). MPH increased the number of intervals produced in both tasks. Estimates of behavioral inhibition increased with MPH dose in FMI and with social isolation in DRL. Nonetheless, burst responding in DRL and the divergence of DRL data relative to past studies, among other limitations, undermined the reliability of DRL data as the basis for inferences on behavioral inhibition. Inhibitory capacity was more precisely estimated from FMI than from DRL performance. Based on FMI data, MPH, but not a socially enriched environment, appears to improve inhibitory capacity. The highest dose of MPH tested, 8 mg/kg, did not reduce inhibitory capacity but reduced the responsiveness to waiting contingencies. These results support the use of the FMI schedule, complemented with appropriate analytic techniques, for the assessment of behavioral inhibition in animal models.
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哌醋甲酯改善了注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）儿童的反应抑制，但不能改善反射冲突。
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
DeVito, Elise E.;Blackwell, Andrew D.;Clark, Luke;Kent, Lindsey;Dezsery, Anna Maria;Turner, Danielle C.;Aitken, Michael R. F.;Sahakian, Barbara J.
通讯作者：
Sahakian, Barbara J.
影响因子：
5.1
作者：
Johansen, Espen B.;Killeen, Peter R.;Sagvolden, Terje
通讯作者：
Sagvolden, Terje
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
BROWN, TG;FLORY, RK
通讯作者：
FLORY, RK
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
CONRAD, DG;SIDMAN, M;HERRNSTEIN, RJ
通讯作者：
HERRNSTEIN, RJ
DOI：
10.1080/13803390490515757
发表时间：
2005-04-01
影响因子：
2.2
作者：
Boonstra, AM;Kooij, JSS;Buitelaar, JK
通讯作者：
Buitelaar, JK