Phenol-soluble modulins--critical determinants of staphylococcal virulence.

Phenol-soluble modulins--critical determinants of staphylococcal virulence.
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DOI:
10.1111/1574-6976.12057
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发表时间:
2014-07
影响因子:
11.3
通讯作者:
Otto M
Otto M
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Cheung GY;Joo HS;Chatterjee SS;Otto M

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Phenol-soluble modulins (PSMs) are a recently discovered family of amphipathic, alpha-helical peptides that have multiple roles in staphylococcal pathogenesis and contribute to a large extent to the pathogenic success of virulent staphylococci, such as Staphylococcus aureus. PSMs may cause lysis of many human cell types including leukocytes and erythrocytes, stimulate inflammatory responses, and contribute to biofilm development. PSMs appear to have an original role in the commensal lifestyle of staphylococci, where they facilitate growth and spreading on epithelial surfaces. Aggressive, cytolytic PSMs seem to have evolved from that original role and are mainly expressed in highly virulent S. aureus. Here we will review the biochemistry, genetics and role of PSMs in the commensal and pathogenic lifestyles of staphylococci, discuss how diversification of PSMs defines the aggressiveness of staphylococcal species, and evaluate potential avenues to target PSMs for drug development against staphylococcal infections.
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