Cystic echinococcosis in northern Tanzania: a pilot study in Maasai livestock-keeping communities.
Cystic echinococcosis in northern Tanzania: a pilot study in Maasai livestock-keeping communities.
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DOI：
10.1186/s13071-022-05518-x
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发表时间：
2022-10-28
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
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引起人类囊性包虫病（CE）的细粒棘球绦虫（E. granulosus s.l.）的生命周期与引起小反刍动物脑脊病的多头带绦虫/脑脊病绦虫的生命周期非常相似。最近的证据突出表明，坦桑尼亚北部马赛社区的牲畜正遭受脑神经衰弱症患病率上升的困扰，导致人们担心人类CE的风险可能同时增加。本研究的目的是估计马赛社区人类腹部CE的患病率以及颗粒绦虫s.l.在牲畜中的患病率和种类/基因型。在坦桑尼亚北部Longido和Ngorongoro地区的5个村庄，对年龄≥7岁的志愿者进行腹部超声诊断。通过对当地屠宰场的检查来评估反刍动物的感染情况，然后对每只动物进行一个囊肿的分子鉴定，优先对肝囊肿进行鉴定，使用靶向细胞色素c氧化酶I基因（COX1）的PCR，然后进行限制性片段长度多态性和多重PCR，并对非e。颗粒菌样品。对823名志愿者进行了超声检查（隆多县两个村庄的n = 352人，恩戈罗恩戈罗三个村庄的n = 471人）。肝CE病例仅在恩戈罗恩戈罗确诊（n = 6; 1.3%），其中3例有活动性囊肿。村级CE患病率在0 - 2.4%之间。在697只被检反刍动物中，有寄生囊肿的占34.4%。219例包囊中有140例（63.9%）进行了分子鉴定。家畜囊肿中颗粒绦虫和包虫病囊尾蚴的检出率分别为51.4%和48.6%。在隆基多（116个基因型囊肿中的35.3%）和恩戈罗恩戈罗（34个基因型囊肿中的91.2%）的家畜中均检出颗粒绦虫。畜禽共检出72个细粒绦虫囊肿，其中严格感细粒绦虫（g1 ~ g3基因型）占87.5%，华北细粒绦虫（G5基因型）占9.7%，加拿大细粒绦虫（g6 ~ 10基因型）占1个。手术切除的3个活性人囊肿为G1-G3基因型。细粒绦虫的多种物种/基因型正在坦桑尼亚北部马赛社区传播。在恩戈罗恩戈罗县的村庄中发现了人类包虫病，并在两个县的牲畜中观察到包虫病的高流行率。需要更精确地估计这一地区的流行情况，并更好地了解坦桑尼亚北部马赛社区中发生CE的具体风险因素。针对颗粒绦虫s.l.和多头绦虫共同传播途径的干预措施将对预防人类和牲畜疾病具有双重好处。
There are close similarities between the life-cycles of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato (E. granulosus s.l.) that causes cystic echinococcosis (CE) in humans and Taenia multiceps/Coenurus cerebralis that causes cerebral coenurosis in small ruminants. Recent evidence highlights that livestock in Maasai communities of northern Tanzania are suffering from increases in the prevalence of cerebral coenurosis, leading to concerns about a possible concurrent increased risk of human CE. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of human abdominal CE and the prevalence and species/genotypes of E. granulosus s.l. in livestock in Maasai communities. Human CE was diagnosed by abdominal ultrasound on volunteers aged ≥ 7 years in five villages in the Longido and Ngorongoro Districts in northern Tanzania. Infection in ruminants was evaluated through inspection in local abattoirs, followed by molecular identification of one cyst per animal, with a priority for hepatic cysts, using PCR targeting of the cytochrome c oxidase I gene (COX1), followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism and multiplex PCR, and sequencing of non-E. granulosus s.l. samples. Ultrasound was performed on 823 volunteers (n = 352 in two villages in Longido District, and n = 471 in three villages of Ngorongoro). Hepatic CE cases were diagnosed only in Ngorongoro (n = 6; 1.3%), of which three had active cysts. Village-level prevalence of CE ranged between 0 and 2.4%. Of the 697 ruminants inspected, 34.4% had parasitic cysts. Molecular identification was achieved for 140 of the 219 (63.9%) cysts sampled. E. granulosus s.l. and T. hydatigena/Cysticercus tenuicollis were identified in 51.4% and 48.6%, respectively, of livestock cysts. E. granulosus s.l. was identified in livestock from both Longido (35.3% of 116 genotyped cysts) and Ngorongoro (91.2% of 34 genotyped cysts). Of the total of 72 E. granuslosus s.l. cysts identified in livestock, 87.5% were E. granulosus sensu stricto (G1–G3 genotypes), 9.7% were E. ortleppi (G5) and one cyst was E. canadensis (G6–10). The three active human cysts, which were removed surgically, were G1–G3 genotypes. Multiple species/genotypes of E. granulosus s.l. are circulating in Maasai communities of northern Tanzania. Human CE was detected in villages of Ngorongoro District and a high prevalence of echinococcal cysts was observed in livestock in both districts. More precise estimation of the prevalence in this area and a better understanding of the specific risk factors for CE among Maasai communities in northern Tanzania is needed. Interventions targeting transmission routes common to both E. granulosus s.l. and T. multiceps would have dual benefits for preventing both human and livestock disease.
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影响因子：
4
作者：
Gauci C;Vural G;Oncel T;Varcasia A;Damian V;Kyngdon CT;Craig PS;Anderson GA;Lightowlers MW
通讯作者：
Lightowlers MW
影响因子：
2.2
作者：
Hughes, Ellen C.;Kibona, Tito K.;Allan, Kathryn J.
通讯作者：
Allan, Kathryn J.
DOI：
10.1080/00034983.1989.11812377
发表时间：
1989-10-01
影响因子：
--
作者：
MACPHERSON, CNL;CRAIG, PS;WATSCHINGER, H
通讯作者：
WATSCHINGER, H
影响因子：
1.7
作者：
Ernest, E.;Nonga, H. E.;Kazwala, R. R.
通讯作者：
Kazwala, R. R.
影响因子：
1.1
作者：
Mahadevan, A.;Dwarakanath, S.;Shankar, S. K.
通讯作者：
Shankar, S. K.