Reliance on habits at the expense of goal-directed control following dopamine precursor depletion.
Reliance on habits at the expense of goal-directed control following dopamine precursor depletion.
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DOI：
10.1007/s00213-011-2563-2
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发表时间：
2012-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Sahakian, Barbara J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
de Wit, Sanne;Standing, Holly R.;DeVito, Elise E.;Robinson, Oliver J.;Ridderinkhof, K. Richard;Robbins, Trevor W.;Sahakian, Barbara J.
众所周知，多巴胺在学习和动机中起着重要作用。最近的动物研究表明，多巴胺与刺激反应习惯的强化以及灵活的目标导向行为有关。然而，多巴胺在人类行为控制中的作用仍然没有得到很好的理解。我们提出了第一次调查的影响，减少多巴胺功能的健康志愿者之间的平衡习惯和目标导向的行动控制。采用急性苯丙氨酸和酪氨酸耗竭（APTD）的饮食干预，研究多巴胺功能降低对动作控制的影响。参与者被随机分配到APTD组或安慰剂组（ns = 14），以允许在一个新的三阶段实验范式上进行受试者之间的性能比较。在最初的学习阶段，参与者学会对不同的刺激做出反应，以获得有益的结果。随后，进行了结果贬值测试和行动失误测试，以评估参与者是否能够灵活地调整他们的行为，以改变结果的可取性。APTD并没有阻止刺激-反应学习，我们也没有发现在随后的结果-贬值测试中反应-结果学习受损的证据。然而，当目标导向系统和习惯性系统在动作失误测试中争夺控制权时，APTD将天平向习惯性控制倾斜。这些发现仅限于女性志愿者。我们提供的直接证据表明，人类目标导向和习惯性控制之间的平衡是多巴胺依赖的。根据多巴胺功能和精神病理学的性别差异的结果进行了讨论。本文的在线版本（doi：10.1007/s 00213 -011-2563-2）包含补充材料，可供授权用户使用。
Dopamine is well known to play an important role in learning and motivation. Recent animal studies have implicated dopamine in the reinforcement of stimulus–response habits, as well as in flexible, goal-directed action. However, the role of dopamine in human action control is still not well understood. We present the first investigation of the effect of reducing dopamine function in healthy volunteers on the balance between habitual and goal-directed action control. The dietary intervention of acute dietary phenylalanine and tyrosine depletion (APTD) was adopted to study the effects of reduced global dopamine function on action control. Participants were randomly assigned to either the APTD or placebo group (ns = 14) to allow for a between-subjects comparison of performance on a novel three-stage experimental paradigm. In the initial learning phase, participants learned to respond to different stimuli in order to gain rewarding outcomes. Subsequently, an outcome-devaluation test and a slips-of-action test were conducted to assess whether participants were able to flexibly adjust their behaviour to changes in the desirability of the outcomes. APTD did not prevent stimulus–response learning, nor did we find evidence for impaired response–outcome learning in the subsequent outcome-devaluation test. However, when goal-directed and habitual systems competed for control in the slips-of-action test, APTD tipped the balance towards habitual control. These findings were restricted to female volunteers. We provide direct evidence that the balance between goal-directed and habitual control in humans is dopamine dependent. The results are discussed in light of gender differences in dopamine function and psychopathologies. The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00213-011-2563-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.1639-09.2009
发表时间：
2009-09-09
期刊：
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience
影响因子：
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作者：
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影响因子：
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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