Aerosol inhalation exposure study of respiratory toxicity induced by 20 nm anatase titanium dioxide nanoparticles
Aerosol inhalation exposure study of respiratory toxicity induced by 20 nm anatase titanium dioxide nanoparticles
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20 nm锐钛矿型二氧化钛纳米粒子引起呼吸道毒性的气溶胶吸入暴露研究
DOI：
10.1039/c4tx00040d
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发表时间：
2014-08
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Li, Wenxin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li, Yufeng;Li, Qinnuan;Zhang, Xiaoyong;Li, Wenxin
随着纳米科学技术的迅速发展，对纳米材料潜在毒性尤其是呼吸毒性的综合评价，在过去的几十年里引起了人们极大的研究兴趣。许多先前的报告已经利用气管内滴注来模拟纳米材料的生理吸入暴露途径。然而，由于纳米材料是一种非生理性的呼吸过程，因此将其用于评价纳米材料的呼吸毒性存在许多问题。在这项研究中，二氧化钛（TiO 2）纳米粒子的初级粒径为20 nm的选择作为模型纳米材料。其呼吸毒性已通过全身接触室进行了评估。将小鼠置于全身暴露室中，吸入相对稳定浓度（6.34 ± 0.22 mg m−3）的TiO 2纳米颗粒。在整个研究中，这些小鼠每天暴露8小时，持续3周。结果表明，这些纳米二氧化钛吸入可能会穿过气-血屏障，由肝脏代谢和排泄的泌尿系统。小鼠暴露于TiO 2纳米颗粒后，脑匀浆提取物中的H2 O2和丙二醛（MDA）明显增加。白色血细胞（WBC）计数降低，而血小板（PLT）和网织红细胞（Retic）计数显著升高。同时，吸入染毒组小鼠凝血酶原时间（PT）较对照组缩短。吸入染毒组ALT、AST、BUN、CREA水平均高于对照组。鉴于全身接触方法是一种生理接触途径，本工作报告的结果应更适合于评价纳米材料的呼吸毒性。
With the rapid development of nanoscience and nanotechnology, comprehensive evaluation of the potential toxicity especially the respiratory toxicity of nanomaterials, has attracted great research interest over the past few decades. A numerous previous reports have utilized intratracheal instillation to imitate the physiological inhalation exposure route of nanomaterials. However, because it is a non-physiological breathing process, intratracheal instillation has many problems when it is utilized to evaluate respiratory toxicity of nanomaterials. In this study, anatase titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles with a primary particle size of 20 nm was selected as a model nanomaterial. Its respiratory toxicity has been estimated by a whole-body exposure chamber. Mice were put in the whole-body exposure chambers with a relatively steady concentration (6.34 ± 0.22 mg m−3) of inhaled TiO2 nanoparticles. In the whole study these mice were exposed 8 h per day, for 3 weeks. Results showed that these TiO2 nanoparticles inhaled might drill through air–blood barriers, be metabolized by the liver and excreted by the urinary system. After mice had been exposed to TiO2 nanoparticles, H2O2 and maleic dialdehyde (MDA) in brain homogenate extracts had clearly increased. The white blood cell (WBC) count was decreased while platelet (PLT) and reticulocyte (Retic) counts increased significantly. At the same time, the prothrombin time (PT) of mice in the inhalation exposure group was shorter than the control group's. Furthermore, compared with the control group's, the levels of ALT, AST, BUN and CREA in the inhalation exposure group were elevated. Given the whole body exposure method is a physiological exposure route, the results reported in this work should be more suitable for evaluation of the respiratory toxicity of nanomaterials.
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