Spatial Organization of Chromatin: Transcriptional Control of Adaptive Immune Cell Development.

Spatial Organization of Chromatin: Transcriptional Control of Adaptive Immune Cell Development.
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DOI:
10.3389/fimmu.2021.633825
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
7.3
通讯作者:
Murre C
Murre C
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Pongubala JMR;Murre C

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基因组的高阶空间组织为染色质区室(容许和抑制)、自缔合结构域(TADs)和调控环,提供了结构完整性并提供了多样化的基因调控控制。特别是,染色质调控环,使增强子和相关的转录因子在空间上接近靶基因启动子,在调节基因表达中发挥重要作用。这种染色质环的建立和维持主要是由CTCF和粘附素机制介导的。近年来,在揭示环如何组装以及它们如何调节基因表达模式方面取得了重大进展。在这里,我们将讨论支持三维(3D)染色质结构建立的机械原理,以及染色质结构的变化如何与建立免疫细胞命运的基因程序的改变相关。
Higher-order spatial organization of the genome into chromatin compartments (permissive and repressive), self-associating domains (TADs), and regulatory loops provides structural integrity and offers diverse gene regulatory controls. In particular, chromatin regulatory loops, which bring enhancer and associated transcription factors in close spatial proximity to target gene promoters, play essential roles in regulating gene expression. The establishment and maintenance of such chromatin loops are predominantly mediated involving CTCF and the cohesin machinery. In recent years, significant progress has been made in revealing how loops are assembled and how they modulate patterns of gene expression. Here we will discuss the mechanistic principles that underpin the establishment of three-dimensional (3D) chromatin structure and how changes in chromatin structure relate to alterations in gene programs that establish immune cell fate.
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