Research review: Constraining heterogeneity: the social brain and its development in autism spectrum disorder.
Research review: Constraining heterogeneity: the social brain and its development in autism spectrum disorder.
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02349.x
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发表时间：
2011-06
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Vander Wyk BC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pelphrey KA;Shultz S;Hudac CM;Vander Wyk BC
自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的表达是高度异质性的，因为在整个发育过程中基因、大脑和行为之间存在复杂的相互作用。在这里，我们提出了一个ASD模型，该模型暗示了早期和最初未能发展一个或多个涉及社会信息处理的神经解剖结构（即“社会脑”）的专门功能。从这种早期和初级的中断中，可以推断出异常的大脑发育，因为患有ASD的个体必须在一个高度社会化的世界中发展，而没有专门的神经系统，而这些神经系统通常会让他或她参与到社会生活的结构中，而社会生活是由社会互惠的机会和社会参与的工具编织而成的。这种脑管化导致了ASD的其他特征性行为缺陷，包括沟通缺陷、兴趣限制和重复行为。我们建议，集中精力探索ASD社会参与机制发展中的核心病理缺陷背后的大脑机制，将极大地阐明我们对这一复杂的、毁灭性的神经发育障碍家族的理解和治疗。特别是，对支持社会信息处理关键方面的神经回路的发育研究（即，对有和没有ASD的幼儿以及被识别为ASD的风险增加的婴儿进行的纵向研究）可能为ASD全综合征的潜在组成部分提供重要的见解。这些研究也有助于确定发育中的脑内表型，以促进遗传研究。我们实验室的功能性神经影像学研究表明，颞后上沟（STS）在导致ASD的神经结构中起着关键作用，从而说明了这种方法的潜力。
The expression of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is highly heterogeneous, owing to the complex interactions between genes, the brain, and behavior throughout development. Here we present a model of ASD that implicates an early and initial failure to develop the specialized functions of one or more of the set of neuroanatomical structures involved in social information processing (i.e., the “social brain”). From this early and primary disruption, abnormal brain development is canalized because the individual with an ASD must develop in a highly social world without the specialized neural systems that would ordinarily allow him or her to partake in the fabric of social life, which is woven from the thread of opportunities for social reciprocity and the tools of social engagement. This brain canalization gives rise to other characteristic behavioral deficits in ASD including deficits in communication, restricted interests, and repetitive behaviors. We propose that focused efforts to explore the brain mechanisms underlying the core, pathognomic deficits in the development of mechanisms for social engagement in ASD will greatly elucidate our understanding and treatment of this complex, devastating family of neurodevelopmental disorders. In particular, developmental studies (i.e., longitudinal studies of young children with and without ASD, as well as infants at increased risk for being identified with ASD) of the neural circuitry supporting key aspects of social information processing are likely to provide important insights into the underlying components of the full-syndrome of ASD. These studies could also contribute to the identification of developmental brain endophenotypes to facilitate genetic studies. The potential for this kind of approach is illustrated via examples of functional neuroimaging research from our own laboratory implicating the posterior superior temporal sulcus (STS) as a key player in the set of neural structures giving rise to ASD.
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02086.x
发表时间：
2009-09-01
影响因子：
7.6
作者：
Cheung, C.;Chua, S. E.;McAlonan, G. M.
通讯作者：
McAlonan, G. M.
影响因子：
9.2
作者：
Brass, Marcel;Schmitt, Ruth M.;Gergely, Gyoergy
通讯作者：
Gergely, Gyoergy
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Brito, Adriana Rocha;Vasconcelos, Marcio Moacyr;Pinto Calcada, Carlos Adolfo B.
通讯作者：
Pinto Calcada, Carlos Adolfo B.
影响因子：
7.6
作者：
Baron-Cohen, S;Wheelwright, S;Plumb, I
通讯作者：
Plumb, I
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Adolphs, R;Gosselin, F;Damasio, AR
通讯作者：
Damasio, AR