Detection of a diverse marine fish fauna using environmental DNA from seawater samples.
Detection of a diverse marine fish fauna using environmental DNA from seawater samples.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0041732
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Willerslev E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Thomsen PF;Kielgast J;Iversen LL;Møller PR;Rasmussen M;Willerslev E
世界范围内的海洋生态系统受到威胁，许多鱼类和种群受到人类过度开发的影响。这极大地影响了全球生物多样性、经济和人类健康。有趣的是，海鱼的调查大多采用选择性和侵入性的方法，这些方法大多局限于商业物种，并且仅限于条件有利的特定地区。此外，物种的错误识别是一个主要问题。在这里，我们研究了使用直接从海水样本中获得的环境DNA元条形码（eDNA）来解释海洋鱼类生物多样性的潜力。这种eDNA方法最近在淡水环境中成功使用，但从未在海洋环境中使用过。我们从丹麦温带海洋生态系统中收集的1 / 2升海水样本中分离出eDNA。利用PCR扩增子的下一代DNA测序，我们从15种不同的鱼类中获得了eDNA，包括重要的食用鱼种，以及传统监测很少或从未记录到的物种。我们还从该地区一种罕见的流浪物种中检测到eDNA；欧洲沙丁鱼（沙丁鱼）。此外，我们还发现了四种鸟类。国家数据库的记录证实了所有检测到的物种的存在。为了研究eDNA方法的效率，我们将其与常用的9种海鱼调查方法进行了比较。有希望的是，eDNA覆盖鱼类多样性优于或等于任何应用的传统方法。我们的研究表明，即使是很小的海水样本也含有来自多种当地鱼类的eDNA。最后，为了研究eDNA在海洋中的潜在扩散，我们进行了一项关于eDNA在海水中降解的实验，结果表明，即使是小的（100 bp） eDNA片段也会在几天内降解到无法检测的程度。虽然需要进一步的研究来验证eDNA方法在不同环境条件下的有效性，但我们的研究结果为未来海洋生物多样性和资源的监测提供了强有力的概念验证。
Marine ecosystems worldwide are under threat with many fish species and populations suffering from human over-exploitation. This is greatly impacting global biodiversity, economy and human health. Intriguingly, marine fish are largely surveyed using selective and invasive methods, which are mostly limited to commercial species, and restricted to particular areas with favourable conditions. Furthermore, misidentification of species represents a major problem. Here, we investigate the potential of using metabarcoding of environmental DNA (eDNA) obtained directly from seawater samples to account for marine fish biodiversity. This eDNA approach has recently been used successfully in freshwater environments, but never in marine settings. We isolate eDNA from ½-litre seawater samples collected in a temperate marine ecosystem in Denmark. Using next-generation DNA sequencing of PCR amplicons, we obtain eDNA from 15 different fish species, including both important consumption species, as well as species rarely or never recorded by conventional monitoring. We also detect eDNA from a rare vagrant species in the area; European pilchard (Sardina pilchardus). Additionally, we detect four bird species. Records in national databases confirmed the occurrence of all detected species. To investigate the efficiency of the eDNA approach, we compared its performance with 9 methods conventionally used in marine fish surveys. Promisingly, eDNA covered the fish diversity better than or equal to any of the applied conventional methods. Our study demonstrates that even small samples of seawater contain eDNA from a wide range of local fish species. Finally, in order to examine the potential dispersal of eDNA in oceans, we performed an experiment addressing eDNA degradation in seawater, which shows that even small (100-bp) eDNA fragments degrades beyond detectability within days. Although further studies are needed to validate the eDNA approach in varying environmental conditions, our findings provide a strong proof-of-concept with great perspectives for future monitoring of marine biodiversity and resources.
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影响因子：
3.7
作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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