Mechanistic insights into xanthine oxidoreductase from development studies of candidate drugs to treat hyperuricemia and gout.

Mechanistic insights into xanthine oxidoreductase from development studies of candidate drugs to treat hyperuricemia and gout.
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DOI:
10.1007/s00775-014-1210-x
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发表时间:
2015-03
影响因子:
3
通讯作者:
Okamoto, Ken
Okamoto, Ken
中科院分区:
化学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Nishino, Takeshi;Okamoto, Ken

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黄嘌呤氧化还原酶(Xanthine oxidoreductase,XOR)广泛存在于人类和细菌中,在嘌呤代谢中起着关键作用,在其钼辅因子(Moco)处催化次黄嘌呤羟基化为黄嘌呤和黄嘌呤羟基化为尿酸盐的两步反应。人XOR不仅被认为是治疗高尿酸血症和痛风的药物的靶点,而且还可能用于多种其他疾病。本文综述了XOR抑制剂的研究进展,并对XOR的Moco活性中心的化学性质和反应机理进行了探讨。我们还讨论了进一步的实验或临床研究,这将有助于澄清剩余的问题。
Xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR), which is widely distributed from humans to bacteria, has a key role in purine catabolism, catalyzing two steps of sequential hydroxylation from hypoxanthine to xanthine and from xanthine to urate at its molybdenum cofactor (Moco). Human XOR is considered to be a target of drugs not only for therapy of hyperuricemia and gout, but also potentially for a wide variety of other diseases. In this review, we focus on studies of XOR inhibitors and their implications for understanding the chemical nature and reaction mechanism of the Moco active site of XOR. We also discuss further experimental or clinical studies that would be helpful to clarify remaining issues.
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