Experience-Dependent Structural Plasticity in the Visual System.

Experience-Dependent Structural Plasticity in the Visual System.
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DOI:
10.1146/annurev-vision-111815-114638
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发表时间:
2016-10-14
影响因子:
6
通讯作者:
Nedivi E
Nedivi E
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Berry KP;Nedivi E

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在发育过程中,环境对大脑回路的连接产生深远的影响。由于固定组织研究的分辨率有限,这种依赖于经验的结构可塑性一度被认为仅限于特定的发育时间窗口。最近引入的用于体内成像的双光子显微镜为重复监测单个神经元和在非常精细的尺度上研究结构可塑性机制打开了大门。在这篇综述中,我们重点关注最近的工作,表明突触结构重排是调节成人大脑神经回路适应和行为可塑性的关键机制。我们在模式生物视觉系统的经典研究背景下研究了这项工作,这些研究为我们理解活动依赖性突触重塑及其在大脑可塑性中的作用奠定了基础。
During development, the environment exerts a profound influence on the wiring of brain circuits. Due to the limited resolution of studies in fixed tissue, this experience-dependent structural plasticity was once thought to be restricted to a specific developmental time window. The recent introduction of two-photon microscopy for in vivo imaging has opened the door to repeated monitoring of individual neurons and the study of structural plasticity mechanisms at a very fine scale. In this review, we focus on recent work showing that synaptic structural rearrangements are a key mechanism mediating neural circuit adaptation and behavioral plasticity in the adult brain. We examine this work in the context of classic studies in the visual systems of model organisms, which have laid much of the groundwork for our understanding of activity-dependent synaptic remodeling and its role in brain plasticity.
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