Large-scale forward genetics screening identifies Trpa1 as a chemosensor for predator odor-evoked innate fear behaviors.

Large-scale forward genetics screening identifies Trpa1 as a chemosensor for predator odor-evoked innate fear behaviors.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41467-018-04324-3
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发表时间:
2018-05-23
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
Liu Q
Liu Q
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Wang Y;Cao L;Lee CY;Matsuo T;Wu K;Asher G;Tang L;Saitoh T;Russell J;Klewe-Nebenius D;Wang L;Soya S;Hasegawa E;Chérasse Y;Zhou J;Li Y;Wang T;Zhan X;Miyoshi C;Irukayama Y;Cao J;Meeks JP;Gautron L;Wang Z;Sakurai K;Funato H;Sakurai T;Yanagisawa M;Nagase H;Kobayakawa R;Kobayakawa K;Beutler B;Liu Q

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先天行为是由基因编码的,但其潜在的分子机制在很大程度上仍然未知。捕食者气味2,4,5-三甲基-3-噻唑啉(TMT)及其有效类似物2-甲基-2-噻唑啉(2 MT)被认为激活特异性气味受体以引起幼稚小鼠的先天恐惧/防御行为。在这里,我们进行了大规模的隐性遗传学筛选乙基亚硝基脲(ENU)诱变小鼠。我们发现,Trpa 1,刺激性/刺激性受体的损失,减少TMT/2 MT和蛇皮引起的先天恐惧/防御反应。因此,Trpa 1 −/−小鼠在暴露于2 MT时无法有效激活已知的恐惧/压力大脑中心,尽管它们具有明显的嗅觉和学习恐惧2 MT的能力。此外,Trpa 1作为2 MT/TMT和Trpa 1表达的三叉神经节神经元的化学传感器的2 MT引起的冻结作出了重要贡献。我们的研究结果表明,Trpa 1介导的伤害性感受起着至关重要的作用,在捕食者气味诱发的先天恐惧/防御行为。这项工作建立了第一个正向遗传学筛选,以揭示先天恐惧的分子机制,这是一种基本的情感和进化保守的生存机制。TMT是一种化学物质,可以引起先天的防御行为,但其分子机制还不清楚。在这里,作者在小鼠中进行了大规模的正向遗传学筛选,并确定了Trpa 1,一种刺激性/刺激性受体,作为捕食者气味诱发的先天恐惧和防御行为的化学传感器。
Innate behaviors are genetically encoded, but their underlying molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. Predator odor 2,4,5-trimethyl-3-thiazoline (TMT) and its potent analog 2-methyl-2-thiazoline (2MT) are believed to activate specific odorant receptors to elicit innate fear/defensive behaviors in naive mice. Here, we conduct a large-scale recessive genetics screen of ethylnitrosourea (ENU)-mutagenized mice. We find that loss of Trpa1, a pungency/irritancy receptor, diminishes TMT/2MT and snake skin-evoked innate fear/defensive responses. Accordingly, Trpa1−/− mice fail to effectively activate known fear/stress brain centers upon 2MT exposure, despite their apparent ability to smell and learn to fear 2MT. Moreover, Trpa1 acts as a chemosensor for 2MT/TMT and Trpa1-expressing trigeminal ganglion neurons contribute critically to 2MT-evoked freezing. Our results indicate that Trpa1-mediated nociception plays a crucial role in predator odor-evoked innate fear/defensive behaviors. The work establishes the first forward genetics screen to uncover the molecular mechanism of innate fear, a basic emotion and evolutionarily conserved survival mechanism. TMT is a chemical that evokes innate defensive behaviors yet the molecular mechanisms are not well understood. Here the authors perform a large-scale forward genetics screen in mice and identify Trpa1, a pungency/irritancy receptor, as a chemosensor for predator odor-evoked innate fear and defensive behaviors.
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