The oral microbiota: dynamic communities and host interactions.

The oral microbiota: dynamic communities and host interactions.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41579-018-0089-x
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发表时间:
2018-12
期刊:
Nature reviews. Microbiology
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Hajishengallis G
Hajishengallis G
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lamont RJ;Koo H;Hajishengallis G

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动态和多种微生物的口腔微生物组是龋齿和牙周炎等疾病的直接前兆,这两种疾病是世界上最常见的微生物引起的疾病。口腔屏障的独特微环境蕴藏着独特的微生物群落,这些微生物群落通过复杂的信号系统以及宿主和环境因素进行调节。微生物群落的集体功能是体内平衡或生态失调以及最终健康或疾病的主要驱动因素。尽管病因不同,但牙周炎和龋齿均由微生物群和宿主因素(分别为炎症和膳食糖)之间的前馈循环驱动,有利于生态失调的出现和持续。在这篇综述中,我们讨论了控制口腔多微生物协同作用和生态失调的当前知识和新兴机制,这既增强了我们对致病机制的理解,又有助于设计口腔疾病的创新治疗方法。
The dynamic and polymicrobial oral microbiome is a direct precursor of diseases such as dental caries and periodontitis, two of the most prevalent microbially induced disorders worldwide. Distinct microenvironments at oral barriers harbour unique microbial communities, which are regulated through sophisticated signalling systems and by host and environmental factors. The collective function of microbial communities is a major driver of homeostasis or dysbiosis and ultimately health or disease. Despite different aetiologies, periodontitis and caries are each driven by a feedforward loop between the microbiota and host factors (inflammation and dietary sugars, respectively) that favours the emergence and persistence of dysbiosis. In this Review, we discuss current knowledge and emerging mechanisms governing oral polymicrobial synergy and dysbiosis that have both enhanced our understanding of pathogenic mechanisms and aided the design of innovative therapeutic approaches for oral diseases.
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