Non-genetic photoacoustic stimulation of single neurons by a tapered fiber optoacoustic emitter.

Non-genetic photoacoustic stimulation of single neurons by a tapered fiber optoacoustic emitter.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41377-021-00580-z
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发表时间:
2021-07-14
期刊:
Light, science & applications
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Yang C
Yang C
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Shi L;Jiang Y;Fernandez FR;Chen G;Lan L;Man HY;White JA;Cheng JX;Yang C

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高空间分辨率的神经调节对于推进神经科学领域的基础知识和提供新颖的临床治疗具有重要意义。在这里,我们开发了一种锥形光纤光声发射器 (TFOE),可产生空间精度高达 39.6μm 的超声波场,从而能够光声激活单个神经元或亚细胞结构,例如轴突和树突。从时间上看,TFOE 从 3 ns 的单个激光脉冲转换而来的亚微秒的单个声脉冲被证明是迄今为止成功激活神经元的最短的声刺激。 TFOE 产生的精确超声波能够将光声刺激与单个神经元上高度稳定的膜片钳记录相结合。已经证明可以直接测量单个神经元对声刺激的电反应,这对于传统的超声刺激来说是困难的。通过将 TFOE 与离体脑切片电生理学相结合,我们揭示了兴奋性和抑制性神经元对声刺激的细胞类型特异性反应。这些结果表明TFOE是一种非基因单细胞和亚细胞调制技术,可以为超声神经刺激机制提供新的见解。锥形光纤光声发射器能够实现非遗传性单神经元和亚细胞刺激。它还提供与稳定膜片钳记录的高度兼容性,以便进一步研究机制。
Neuromodulation at high spatial resolution poses great significance in advancing fundamental knowledge in the field of neuroscience and offering novel clinical treatments. Here, we developed a tapered fiber optoacoustic emitter (TFOE) generating an ultrasound field with a high spatial precision of 39.6 µm, enabling optoacoustic activation of single neurons or subcellular structures, such as axons and dendrites. Temporally, a single acoustic pulse of sub-microsecond converted by the TFOE from a single laser pulse of 3 ns is shown as the shortest acoustic stimuli so far for successful neuron activation. The precise ultrasound generated by the TFOE enabled the integration of the optoacoustic stimulation with highly stable patch-clamp recording on single neurons. Direct measurements of the electrical response of single neurons to acoustic stimulation, which is difficult for conventional ultrasound stimulation, have been demonstrated. By coupling TFOE with ex vivo brain slice electrophysiology, we unveil cell-type-specific responses of excitatory and inhibitory neurons to acoustic stimulation. These results demonstrate that TFOE is a non-genetic single-cell and sub-cellular modulation technology, which could shed new insights into the mechanism of ultrasound neurostimulation. A tapered fiber optoacoustic emitter enables non-genetic single neuron and sub-cellular stimulation. It also offers high compatibility with stable patch clamp recording for further study of mechanism.
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