Activation of Defense Mechanisms against Pathogens in Mosses and Flowering Plants.
Activation of Defense Mechanisms against Pathogens in Mosses and Flowering Plants.
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DOI：
10.3390/ijms14023178
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发表时间：
2013-02-04
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Montesano M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ponce de León I;Montesano M
在进化过程中，植物已经发展出科普和适应不同类型胁迫的机制，包括微生物感染。一旦感受到压力，信号通路被激活，导致诱导表达在防御中具有不同作用的基因。苔藓（苔藓植物）是4.5亿多年前从开花植物中分化出来的非维管植物，可以比较研究防御相关基因和微生物感染后产生的防御代谢产物的进化。陆地植物中的祖先位置，测序的基因组和通过同源重组产生靶向敲除突变体的可行性，使苔藓小立碗藓成为一个有吸引力的模式，进行植物基因的功能研究参与胁迫反应。本文综述了病原菌侵染后，展枝侧耳诱导防御机制的研究进展，并与有花植物的防御机制进行了比较，包括细胞壁的强化、活性氧的产生、细胞程序性死亡、防御基因的激活以及次生代谢产物和防御激素的合成。在P. patens中产生的知识以及在开花植物中的比较研究将有助于确定植物防御反应中的关键成分，并设计新的策略来增强对生物胁迫的抗性。
During evolution, plants have developed mechanisms to cope with and adapt to different types of stress, including microbial infection. Once the stress is sensed, signaling pathways are activated, leading to the induced expression of genes with different roles in defense. Mosses (Bryophytes) are non-vascular plants that diverged from flowering plants more than 450 million years ago, allowing comparative studies of the evolution of defense-related genes and defensive metabolites produced after microbial infection. The ancestral position among land plants, the sequenced genome and the feasibility of generating targeted knock-out mutants by homologous recombination has made the moss Physcomitrella patens an attractive model to perform functional studies of plant genes involved in stress responses. This paper reviews the current knowledge of inducible defense mechanisms in P. patens and compares them to those activated in flowering plants after pathogen assault, including the reinforcement of the cell wall, ROS production, programmed cell death, activation of defense genes and synthesis of secondary metabolites and defense hormones. The knowledge generated in P. patens together with comparative studies in flowering plants will help to identify key components in plant defense responses and to design novel strategies to enhance resistance to biotic stress.
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影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Anterola, Aldwin;Goebel, Cornelia;Grimes, Howard
通讯作者：
Grimes, Howard
影响因子：
7.4
作者：
Audenaert, K;De Meyer, GB;Höfte, MM
通讯作者：
Höfte, MM
影响因子：
30.5
作者：
Ausubel, FM
通讯作者：
Ausubel, FM
影响因子：
7.2
作者：
Berrocal-Lobo, M;Molina, A;Solano, R
通讯作者：
Solano, R
DOI：
10.1126/science.1171647
发表时间：
2009-05-08
期刊：
Science (New York, N.Y.)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Boller T;He SY
通讯作者：
He SY