Role of the gut microbiota in nutrient competition and protection against intestinal pathogen colonization.

Role of the gut microbiota in nutrient competition and protection against intestinal pathogen colonization.
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DOI:
10.1099/mic.0.001377
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发表时间:
2023-08
期刊:
影响因子:
2.8
通讯作者:
McDonald, Julie A. K.
McDonald, Julie A. K.
中科院分区:
生物学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Horrocks, Victoria;King, Olivia G.;Yip, Alexander Y. G.;Marques, Ines Melo;McDonald, Julie A. K.

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人类肠道微生物群可以限制病原体的生长,以防止它们在肠道中定植(“定植抗性”)。然而,抗生素治疗可以杀死肠道微生物群成员(“肠道菌群”)并减少对营养素的竞争,使这些营养素可用于支持病原体的生长。这种干扰可能导致肠道内病原体(包括耐药性病原体)的生长和扩张,这些病原体可以利用缺乏竞争对手和营养丰富的肠道环境。在这篇综述中,我们讨论了肠道微生物群和病原体之间的营养竞争。我们还概述了如何利用营养竞争来支持下一代微生物组疗法的设计,以限制病原体的生长并防止侵入性感染的发展。
The human gut microbiota can restrict the growth of pathogens to prevent them from colonizing the intestine (‘colonization resistance’). However, antibiotic treatment can kill members of the gut microbiota (‘gut commensals’) and reduce competition for nutrients, making these nutrients available to support the growth of pathogens. This disturbance can lead to the growth and expansion of pathogens within the intestine (including antibiotic-resistant pathogens), where these pathogens can exploit the absence of competitors and the nutrient-enriched gut environment. In this review, we discuss nutrient competition between the gut microbiota and pathogens. We also provide an overview of how nutrient competition can be harnessed to support the design of next-generation microbiome therapeutics to restrict the growth of pathogens and prevent the development of invasive infections.
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