Toward a novel endogenous anxiolytic factor, fibroblast growth factor 2.
Toward a novel endogenous anxiolytic factor, fibroblast growth factor 2.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.biopsych.2011.01.017
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发表时间：
2011-03-15
影响因子：
10.6
通讯作者：
Vaccarino, Flora M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Salmaso, Natalina;Vaccarino, Flora M.
2005年，有26%的美国人患有DSM-IV精神障碍12个月，其中大多数患有焦虑症（18.1%），其次是情绪障碍（9.5%）。因此，焦虑症在其一生中直接影响了近五分之一的人口，尽管其痛苦程度存在很大差异。尽管目前有许多抗焦虑药物治疗，但大多数只能暂时缓解急性症状，而传统的抗焦虑药物很少能长期缓解核心症状，如焦虑症的认知方面。虽然大量的工作已经探索了GABA和GABA调节剂在焦虑中的作用，但最近，药物“抗抑郁”治疗（ADT），如SSRI，已被证明在治疗焦虑障碍方面取得了一定的成功。尽管ADT对精神病学治疗有无可争议的贡献，但它在临床上有相当大的局限性，比如潜伏期较长（3-5周的慢性给药），直到观察到核心症状缓解。因此，迫切需要确定介导焦虑的神经系统并了解其病理生理学，这将使我们能够探索新的治疗途径。Akil实验室最近研究了成纤维细胞生长因子2 （FGF2）在海马焦虑和情绪障碍中的潜在作用。FGF2是一种有效的中枢神经系统生长因子和胶质有丝分裂原，已被证明在发育过程中大脑皮层和海马的生长以及这些区域兴奋性神经元的发生中起着重要作用（2,3）。患有情感障碍的患者，包括重度抑郁症和创伤后应激障碍，海马体积减少(4)。在患有重度抑郁症（MDD）的人死后观察到FGF2水平下降，而在啮齿类动物中，有报道称在ADT治疗后FGF2水平升高(5)。
Among the 26% of Americans that showed a 12-month prevalence for a DSM-IV psychiatric disorder in 2005, most suffered from anxiety disorders (18.1%), followed by mood disorders at 9.5%(1). Therefore, anxiety disorders affect nearly one fifth of the population directly in their lifetime, albeit with substantial variation in range of affliction. Despite the current availability of numerous pharmaceutical anxiolytic treatments, most exert only a temporary relief on acute symptomatology, whilst few traditional anxiolytic agents promote long-term alleviation of core symptoms such as the cognitive aspects of anxiety disorders. While a considerable amount of work has explored the role of GABA and GABA modulators in anxiety, more recently, pharmaceutical “anti-depressant” treatments (ADT) such as SSRI’s have been demonstrated as somewhat successful in treating anxiety disorders. Despite their indisputable contributions to psychiatric therapeutics, ADT’s have considerable limitations clinically, such as the prolonged latency (3–5 weeks of chronic administration) until core symptom relief is observed. Thus, there is an urgent need to define the neural systems that mediate anxiety and understand its pathophysiology, which would allow us to explore new treatment avenues.Recent work from the Akil laboratory has investigated a potential role for fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) in the hippocampus in anxiety and mood disorders. FGF2, a potent central nervous system growth factor and glial mitogen, has been shown to play fundamental roles in growth of the cerebral cortex and hippocampus and genesis of excitatory neurons in these regions during development (2, 3). Patients with affective disorders including major depression and post-traumatic stress disorder have decreased hippocampal volume (4). Decreases in levels of FGF2 have been observed postmortem in humans that suffered from major depressive disorder (MDD), and, in rodents, increases in FGF2 have been reported in response to ADT treatment (5).
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影响因子：
56.9
作者：
Santarelli, L;Saxe, M;Hen, R
通讯作者：
Hen, R
影响因子：
2
作者：
Graham, Bronwyn M.;Richardson, Rick
通讯作者：
Richardson, Rick
影响因子：
--
作者：
Molteni, R;Fumagalli, F;Riva, MA
通讯作者：
Riva, MA
DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.4516-08.2009
发表时间：
2009-01-28
期刊：
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience
影响因子：
--
作者：
Fagel DM;Ganat Y;Cheng E;Silbereis J;Ohkubo Y;Ment LR;Vaccarino FM
通讯作者：
Vaccarino FM
影响因子：
17.7
作者：
Bremner, JD;Narayan, M;Charney, DS
通讯作者：
Charney, DS