The Associations of Cardiometabolic and Dietary Variables with Clinical Periodontitis in Adults with and without Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study.
The Associations of Cardiometabolic and Dietary Variables with Clinical Periodontitis in Adults with and without Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study.
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DOI：
10.3390/nu16010081
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发表时间：
2023-12-26
期刊：
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Ebersole JL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Basu A;Richardson LA;Carlos A;Abubakr NH;Weltman RL;Ebersole JL
牙周炎是一种常见的炎症性口腔疾病，影响全球和美国成年人的很大一部分，其特征是破坏牙齿支撑装置。其病因是多因素的，2型糖尿病和饮食在其缓解和进展中起关键作用。然而，很少有研究已经解决营养和血清维生素D状态的成人牙周炎在糖尿病的存在。进行了一项横断面研究（n = 78）和一组年龄和BMI匹配的病例对照研究（n = 50），以检查饮食和心脏代谢变量的差异，以及牙周炎伴或不伴糖尿病的成人血清维生素D。参与者在至少两个不同的日子提供空腹血液样本和24小时饮食回忆。同时收集健康史、体重、身高、营养习惯、牙周炎临床特征等资料。使用Mann-Whitney U检验（通过Monte Carlo模拟进行精确p值估计）检查连续和有序变量中糖尿病状态的差异。结果显示，在子研究中，患有牙周炎的成年人与没有糖尿病的成年人相比，血清维生素D和水果，蔬菜，乳制品，维生素A和C的饮食摄入量显着降低（所有p < 0.05）。在整个样本中，患有糖尿病的成年人比没有糖尿病的成年人表现出更高的龋齿风险指标和更少的牙齿数量;牙菌斑和出血评分并不因糖尿病状态而有所不同。最后，观察到饮食习惯的显著相关性，特别是每天两次食用富含蛋白质的食物，出血评分较低，每天食用油炸或快餐，牙齿数量较少（所有p < 0.05）。目前的研究结果表明，牙周炎的成年人明显的饮食和血清维生素D不足，糖尿病进一步加剧了所观察到的营养不良和口腔健康。
Periodontitis is a commonly occurring inflammatory oral disease affecting a large proportion of global and US adults and is characterized by the destruction of the tooth-supporting apparatus. Its etiology is multifactorial, and type 2 diabetes and diet play critical roles in its remission and progression. However, few studies have addressed nutritional and serum vitamin D status in adults with periodontitis in the presence of diabetes. A cross-sectional study (n = 78), and a sub-set of age- and BMI-matched case–control studies (n = 50), were conducted to examine differences in dietary and cardiometabolic variables, and serum vitamin D in adults with periodontitis with or without diabetes. Participants provided fasting blood samples and 24-h diet recalls on at least two different days. Data on health history, body weight, height, nutritional habits, and clinical features of periodontitis were also collected. The Mann–Whitney U Test (with exact p-value estimation by Monte Carlo simulation) was used to examine differences by diabetes status in continuous and ordinal variables. Results revealed significantly lower serum vitamin D, and dietary intake of fruits, vegetables, dairy, vitamins A and C in adults with periodontitis with vs. without diabetes in the sub-study (all p < 0.05). In the overall sample, adults with diabetes presented with higher caries risk measures and lower numbers of teeth than those without diabetes; plaque and bleeding scores did not differ by diabetes status. Finally, a significant associations of food habits was observed, especially consuming protein-rich foods twice a day with a lower bleeding score, and daily consumption of fried or fast foods with a fewer number of teeth present (all p < 0.05). The present findings show significant dietary and serum vitamin D inadequacies among adults with periodontitis, and diabetes further aggravates the observed malnourishment and oral health.
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影响因子：
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