Neural bases of gaze and emotion processing in children with autism spectrum disorders.
Neural bases of gaze and emotion processing in children with autism spectrum disorders.
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DOI：
10.1002/brb3.6
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发表时间：
2011-09
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Bookheimer, Susan Y.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Davies, Mari S.;Dapretto, Mirella;Sigman, Marian;Sepeta, Leigh;Bookheimer, Susan Y.
异常目光接触是自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的核心症状，尽管对ASD注视处理的神经基础知之甚少。相互竞争的假设表明，ASD患者避免目光接触，因为直接眼睛凝视的焦虑性质，或者眼睛凝视线索对ASD儿童的兴趣或意义不大。目前的研究探讨了注视方向对典型发育（TD）儿童和ASD儿童情绪面孔神经加工的影响。在进行功能性磁共振成像（fMRI）时，16名患有ASD的高功能儿童和青少年以及16名TD对照组观看了一系列描绘情感表达的面孔，这些面孔具有直接或转移的凝视。两组儿童在直视和转移注视试验中的视觉处理区域都表现出显著的活动。然而，有一个显着的组的凝视互动，只有TD儿童表现出可靠的更大的活动，在腹外侧前额叶皮层的直接与回避凝视。ASD组在面对传达负面情绪的面孔时，直接凝视和转移凝视之间没有差异。这些结果突出了眼睛凝视在传达沟通意图中的关键作用，并表明ASD儿童对直接凝视的情感意义的处理发生了改变。
Abnormal eye contact is a core symptom of autism spectrum disorders (ASD), though little is understood of the neural bases of gaze processing in ASD. Competing hypotheses suggest that individuals with ASD avoid eye contact due to the anxiety-provoking nature of direct eye gaze or that eye-gaze cues hold less interest or significance to children with ASD. The current study examined the effects of gaze direction on neural processing of emotional faces in typically developing (TD) children and those with ASD. While undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), 16 high-functioning children and adolescents with ASD and 16 TD controls viewed a series of faces depicting emotional expressions with either direct or averted gaze. Children in both groups showed significant activity in visual-processing regions for both direct and averted gaze trials. However, there was a significant group by gaze interaction such that only TD children showed reliably greater activity in ventrolateral prefrontal cortex for direct versus averted gaze. The ASD group showed no difference between direct and averted gaze in response to faces conveying negative emotions. These results highlight the key role of eye gaze in signaling communicative intent and suggest altered processing of the emotional significance of direct gaze in children with ASD.
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