A ventrally localized protease in the Drosophila egg controls embryo dorsoventral polarity.
A ventrally localized protease in the Drosophila egg controls embryo dorsoventral polarity.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cub.2012.03.065
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发表时间：
2012-06-05
期刊：
影响因子：
9.2
通讯作者：
Stein, David
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cho, Yong Suk;Stevens, Leslie M.;Sieverman, Kathryn J.;Nguyen, Jesse;Stein, David
果蝇胚胎的背腹侧（DV）极性是由胚膜和蛋壳内层之间的卵黄周间隙（PVS）中的丝氨酸蛋白酶活性决定的。原肠胚发育缺陷（GD）分裂并激活蛇（Snk）。激活的Snk分裂和激活复活节（Ea），只在胚胎的腹侧。被激活的Ea然后将Spätzle （Spz）加工成Toll的激活配体，Toll是一种分布在整个胚胎质膜上的跨膜受体。Toll的腹侧激活取决于围绕发育中的卵母细胞的卵泡上皮腹侧区域的管道硫转移酶的活性。管道将硫酸盐残留物转移到蛋壳内卵黄膜层的几种蛋白质成分。在这里，我们发现GD蛋白在管道依赖的过程中定位于腹侧PVS。此外，腹侧浓缩的GD通过一种不同于GD对Snk的蛋白水解激活的外催化机制促进了Snk对Ea的裂解。总之，这些观察结果阐明了发育中的卵腔中空间限制的硫转移酶活性导致丝氨酸蛋白酶活性定位并最终导致果蝇胚胎中Toll受体空间特异性激活的机制。
Drosophila embryo dorsoventral (DV) polarity is defined by serine protease activity in the perivitelline space (PVS) between the embryonic membrane and the inner layer of the eggshell. Gastrulation Defective (GD) cleaves and activates Snake (Snk). Activated Snk cleaves and activates Easter (Ea), exclusively on the ventral side of the embryo. Activated Ea then processes Spätzle (Spz) into the activating ligand for Toll, a transmembrane receptor that is distributed throughout the embryonic plasma membrane. Ventral activation of Toll depends upon the activity of the Pipe sulfotransferase in the ventral region of the follicular epithelium that surrounds the developing oocyte. Pipe transfers sulfate residues to several protein components of the inner vitelline membrane layer of the eggshell. Here we show that GD protein becomes localized in the ventral PVS in a Pipe-dependent process. Moreover, ventrally concentrated GD acts to promote the cleavage of Ea by Snk through an extracatalytic mechanism that is distinct from GD's proteolytic activation of Snk. Together, these observations illuminate the mechanism through which spatially restricted sulfotransferase activity in the developing egg chamber leads to localization of serine protease activity and ultimately to spatially specific activation of the Toll receptor in the Drosophila embryo.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cub.2009.05.050
发表时间：
2009-07-28
期刊：
Current biology : CB
影响因子：
--
作者：
Zhang Z;Stevens LM;Stein D
通讯作者：
Stein D
影响因子：
64.5
作者：
Sen, J;Goltz, JS;Stein, D
通讯作者：
Stein, D
DOI：
10.1016/j.cub.2010.04.056
发表时间：
2010-06-22
期刊：
Current biology : CB
影响因子：
--
作者：
Cho YS;Stevens LM;Stein D
通讯作者：
Stein D
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Rorth, P
通讯作者：
Rorth, P
影响因子：
9.2
作者：
Stein, David;Charatsi, Iphigenie;Moussian, Bernard
通讯作者：
Moussian, Bernard