Bioactive hydrogels for bone regeneration.

Bioactive hydrogels for bone regeneration.
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用于骨再生的生物活性水凝胶。

DOI:
10.1016/j.bioactmat.2018.05.006
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发表时间:
2018-12
影响因子:
18.9
通讯作者:
Zhang XQ
Zhang XQ
中科院分区:
工程技术1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Bai X;Gao M;Syed S;Zhuang J;Xu X;Zhang XQ

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骨的自我修复是有限的,通常需要外部干预来增强骨的修复和再生。自体骨移植、同种异体骨移植、异种骨移植等传统的骨缺损修复方法虽然得到了广泛的应用,但都存在相应的缺陷,限制了其临床应用。尽管发展了多种生物材料,包括金属植入物、磷酸钙水泥(CPC)、羟基磷灰石等,但并没有完全达到预期的治疗效果。目前,聚合物支架,特别是水凝胶,是人们感兴趣的,它们独特的结构和可调的物理化学性质已经被广泛研究。本文将重点介绍各种生物活性水凝胶体系在骨再生中的应用,以及它们的优点和局限性。我们将研究骨的组成和缺陷,讨论目前用于骨再生的生物材料,并对最近开发的用于水凝胶合成的聚合物材料进行分类。我们还将详细介绍理想的水凝胶的性质以及制造技术和不同的递送策略。最后,概述了水凝胶在骨再生中存在的挑战、注意事项和未来的前景。水凝胶辅助骨再生的示意图。微珠在封装干细胞和药物方面显示出巨大的潜力。纳米凝胶将蛋白质输送到缺损处,有效地诱导骨再生。水凝胶纤维在治疗负重骨缺损方面显示出巨大的前景。刺激反应水凝胶系统是一种诱导骨形成的新技术。
Bone self-healing is limited and generally requires external intervention to augment bone repair and regeneration. While traditional methods for repairing bone defects such as autografts, allografts, and xenografts have been widely used, they all have corresponding disadvantages, thus limiting their clinical use. Despite the development of a variety of biomaterials, including metal implants, calcium phosphate cements (CPC), hydroxyapatite, etc., the desired therapeutic effect is not fully achieved. Currently, polymeric scaffolds, particularly hydrogels, are of interest and their unique configurations and tunable physicochemical properties have been extensively studied. This review will focus on the applications of various cutting-edge bioactive hydrogels systems in bone regeneration, as well as their advantages and limitations. We will examine the composition and defects of the bone, discuss the current biomaterials for bone regeneration, and classify recently developed polymeric materials for hydrogel synthesis. We will also elaborate on the properties of desirable hydrogels as well as the fabrication techniques and different delivery strategies. Finally, the existing challenges, considerations, and the future prospective of hydrogels in bone regeneration will be outlined. Schematic illustration of hydrogel-assisted bone regeneration. Microbeads have demonstrated great potential in encapsulating stem cells and drugs. Nanogels delivered proteins to defects and effectively induced bone regeneration. Hydrogel fibers have shown great promise in treating defects in load-bearing bones. Stimuli-responsive hydrogel system is a novel technique in inducing bone formation.
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