Wastewater-based epidemiology in hazard forecasting and early-warning systems for global health risks.
Wastewater-based epidemiology in hazard forecasting and early-warning systems for global health risks.
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全球健康风险灾害预测和预警系统中基于废水的流行病学。
DOI：
10.1016/j.envint.2022.107143
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发表时间：
2022-03
影响因子：
11.8
通讯作者：
Yinka-Banjo CO
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kasprzyk-Hordern B;Adams B;Adewale ID;Agunbiade FO;Akinyemi MI;Archer E;Badru FA;Barnett J;Bishop IJ;Di Lorenzo M;Estrela P;Faraway J;Fasona MJ;Fayomi SA;Feil EJ;Hyatt LJ;Irewale AT;Kjeldsen T;Lasisi AKS;Loiselle S;Louw TM;Metcalfe B;Nmormah SA;Oluseyi TO;Smith TR;Snyman MC;Sogbanmu TO;Stanton-Fraser D;Surujlal-Naicker S;Wilson PR;Wolfaardt G;Yinka-Banjo CO
随着SARS-CoV-2大流行的到来，基于水的流行病学（WBE）已被应用于跟踪世界各地城市的社区感染，并已被证明是一个成功的早期预警系统，用于识别热点和改变感染（症状和无症状）在城市或次城市水平的流行。废水只是需要考虑的环境分类之一。在这份手稿中，我们批判性地评估了在快速城市化的世界中建立预警系统的知识基础和准备情况，特别关注非洲，非洲经历了快速的人口增长和城市化。我们提出了一个数字城市环境指纹平台（DUEF），这是一种针对全球健康风险的灾害预测和预警系统的新方法，也是对现有智慧城市概念的扩展。城市环境（特别是废水）含有复杂的物质混合物，包括有毒化学品、传染性生物制剂和人类排泄物。DUEF假设，这些特定的内源性和外源性残留物，通过社区的废水匿名汇集，表明了整个社区的接触及其产生的影响。DUEF假定，对接收环境（污水、地表水、土壤和空气）连续和匿名汇集的物质进行测量，可以提供关于被调查系统所接触的物理、生物或化学压力源的数量和类型的近实时动态信息，并可以建立关于这些接触的潜在影响的风险简介。要在全球成功开发和利用可持续利用生态系统，需要采取分层办法，包括：第一阶段：网络建设、能力建设、利益攸关方参与以及概念模型;第二阶段：可持续利用生态系统开发;第三阶段：实施;第四阶段：管理和利用。我们已经确定了建立DUEF框架所需的四个关键支柱：（1）环境指纹，（2）社会经济指纹，（3）统计和建模以及（4）信息系统。这份手稿批判性地评估了每个支柱内的现有知识基础，并为进一步发展提供了建议，旨在为成功开发全球DUEF平台奠定基础。
With the advent of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, Wastewater-Based Epidemiology (WBE) has been applied to track community infection in cities worldwide and has proven succesful as an early warning system for identification of hotspots and changingprevalence of infections (both symptomatic and asymptomatic) at a city or sub-city level. Wastewater is only one of environmental compartments that requires consideration. In this manuscript, we have critically evaluated the knowledge-base and preparedness for building early warning systems in a rapidly urbanising world, with particular attention to Africa, which experiences rapid population growth and urbanisation. We have proposed a Digital Urban Environment Fingerprinting Platform (DUEF) – a new approach in hazard forecasting and early-warning systems for global health risks and an extension to the existing concept of smart cities. The urban environment (especially wastewater) contains a complex mixture of substances including toxic chemicals, infectious biological agents and human excretion products. DUEF assumes that these specific endo- and exogenous residues, anonymously pooled by communities’ wastewater, are indicative of community-wide exposure and the resulting effects. DUEF postulates that the measurement of the substances continuously and anonymously pooled by the receiving environment (sewage, surface water, soils and air), can provide near real-time dynamic information about the quantity and type of physical, biological or chemical stressors to which the surveyed systems are exposed, and can create a risk profile on the potential effects of these exposures. Successful development and utilisation of a DUEF globally requires a tiered approach including: Stage I: network building, capacity building, stakeholder engagement as well as a conceptual model, followed by Stage II: DUEF development, Stage III: implementation, and Stage IV: management and utilization. We have identified four key pillars required for the establishment of a DUEF framework: (1) Environmental fingerprints, (2) Socioeconomic fingerprints, (3) Statistics and modelling and (4) Information systems. This manuscript critically evaluates the current knowledge base within each pillar and provides recommendations for further developments with an aim of laying grounds for successful development of global DUEF platforms.
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