Microscopy of crustacean cuticle: formation of a flexible extracellular matrix in moulting sea slaters Ligia pallasii
Microscopy of crustacean cuticle: formation of a flexible extracellular matrix in moulting sea slaters Ligia pallasii
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甲壳类动物角质层的显微镜观察：蜕皮海斑 Ligia pallasii 中柔性细胞外基质的形成
DOI：
10.1017/s0025315418001017
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发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
1.2
通讯作者：
Summers, A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Štrus, J.;Tušek-Žnidarič, M.;Repnik, U.;Blejec, A.;Summers, A.
用CT扫描和电子显微镜研究了东太平洋沿岸正在蜕皮的帕拉西亚Ligia pallasii外骨骼的结构和功能特性。本文描述了蜕皮前、蜕皮内和蜕皮后动物蜕皮前和蜕皮后角质层的超微结构。角质层是一种柔性的细胞外基质，通过毛孔通道与表皮细胞相连。在蜕皮前形成表皮层和表皮层，在蜕皮内和蜕皮后沉积表皮层内层，角质层通过增厚和矿化逐渐形成。角质层渗透性、柔韧性和防水能力也随之发生变化。精细的表层鳞片连接到广泛的纳米管网络，建立其抗粘连和疏水性能。用金标记的WGA凝集素在德州解冻切片上显示出表皮层和内皮层几丁质含量的差异。角质层组织化学染色显示表层有酸性碳水化合物/糖结合物和脂蛋白存在。几丁质微纤维形成于表皮细胞的微绒毛边缘，含有丰富的高尔基体和分泌小泡。在蜕皮内动物的蜕皮间隙中观察到大量与纳米管相关的球体。CT扫描显示的角质层矿物质成分表明，幼虫动物从身体的后部到前半部进行矿物质吸收，在蜕皮内从前部向后部移位，在蜕皮后的后部和前外骨骼中逐渐沉积。海藻角质层是一种独特的生物复合材料和生物动力材料，在频繁的蜕皮过程中不断重建，适应于高潮间带岩石带特定的物理和生物条件。
Structural and functional properties of exoskeleton in moulting sea slaters Ligia pallasii from the Eastern Pacific coast were investigated with CT scanning and electron microscopy. Ultrastructure of preecdysial and postecdysial cuticular layers was described in premoult, intramoult and postmoult animals. Cuticle is a flexible extracellular matrix connected to the epidermal cells through pore channels. During premoult epicuticle and exocuticle are formed and during intramoult and postmoult endocuticular lamellae are deposited and the cuticle is progressively constructed by thickening and mineralization. Cuticle permeability, flexibility and waterproofing capacity change accordingly. Elaboration of epicuticular scales connected to an extensive network of nanotubules, establish its anti-adhesive and hydrophobic properties. Labelling with gold conjugated WGA lectins on Tokuyashu thawed cryosections exposes differences in chitin content between exocuticle and endocuticle. Histochemical staining of cuticle shows presence of acidic carbohydrates/glycoconjugates and lipoproteins in epicuticular layer. Chitin microfibrils are formed at the microvillar border of epidermal cells with abundant Golgi apparatus and secretory vesicles. Numerous spherules associated with nanotubules were observed in the ecdysial space in intramoult animals. The mineral component of the cuticle as visualized with CT scanning indicates progressive mineral resorption from the posterior to the anterior half of the body in premoult animals, its translocation from the anterior to posterior part during intramoult and its progressive deposition in the posterior and anterior exoskeleton during postmoult. Cuticle of sea slaters is a unique biocomposite and biodynamic material constantly reconstructed during frequent moults, and adapted to specific physical and biotic conditions of the high intertidal rocky zone.
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