Snack quality and snack timing are associated with cardiometabolic blood markers: the ZOE PREDICT study.
Snack quality and snack timing are associated with cardiometabolic blood markers: the ZOE PREDICT study.
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DOI：
10.1007/s00394-023-03241-6
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发表时间：
2024-02
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
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零食是一种常见的饮食行为，占每日能量摄入的很大比例，使其成为饮食质量的关键决定因素。然而，吃零食的频率、质量和时间与心脏代谢健康之间的关系仍不清楚。在英国PREDICT 1队列（N = 1002）（NCT 03479866）中评估了人口统计学、饮食、健康（空腹和餐后心脏代谢血液和人体测量学标志物）和粪便宏基因组学数据。零食（主餐之间食用的食物或饮料）在2-4天内自我报告（称重记录）。确定平均零食频率和质量[零食饮食指数（SDI）]（排除后N = 854）。使用回归模型（根据年龄、性别、BMI、教育、身体活动水平和主餐质量进行调整）评估吃零食的频率、质量和时间与心脏代谢血液和人体测量标志物之间的关联。受试者年龄（平均值，SD）为46.1 ± 11.9岁，平均BMI为25.6 ± 4.88 kg/m2，主要为女性（73%）。95%的参与者吃零食（≥ 1次零食/天; n = 813）;平均每日零食摄入量为2.28次零食/天（每日卡路里的24 ± 16%; 203 ± 170 kcal）; 44%的参与者的膳食和零食质量不一致。在吃零食的人群中，总的吃零食频率和零食能量的数量与心脏代谢风险标志物无关。然而，较低的零食质量（SDI范围1-11）与较高的血液标志物相关，包括空腹甘油三酯升高（TG（mmol/L）β; - 0.02，P = 0.02），餐后TG（6 hiAUC（mmol/L.s）; β; - 400，P = 0.01），空腹胰岛素（mIU/L）（β;-0.15，P = 0.04）、胰岛素抵抗（HOMA-IR; β;-0.04，P = 0.04）和饥饿（量表0-100）（β;-0.52，P = 0.02）（多重检验调整后P值不显著）。深夜零食（≥ 9 pm; 31%）与较低的血液标志物相关（HbA 1c：5.54 ± 0.42% vs 5.46 ± 0.28%，葡萄糖2 hiAUC：8212 ± 5559 vs 7321 ± 4928 mmol/L·s，P = 0.01，TG 6 hiAUC; 11，638 ± 8166 vs 9781 ± 6997 mmol/L.s，P = 0.01）与所有其他吃零食时间相比（多次测试后HbA 1c仍然显著）。零食质量和食用时间是简单的饮食特征，可以有针对性地改善饮食质量，具有潜在的健康益处。NCT03479866，https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03479866? term= NCT 03479866&draw =2&rank=1在线版本包含补充材料，可通过10.1007/s 00394 -023-03241-6获得。
Snacking is a common diet behaviour which accounts for a large proportion of daily energy intake, making it a key determinant of diet quality. However, the relationship between snacking frequency, quality and timing with cardiometabolic health remains unclear. Demography, diet, health (fasting and postprandial cardiometabolic blood and anthropometrics markers) and stool metagenomics data were assessed in the UK PREDICT 1 cohort (N = 1002) (NCT03479866). Snacks (foods or drinks consumed between main meals) were self-reported (weighed records) across 2–4 days. Average snacking frequency and quality [snack diet index (SDI)] were determined (N = 854 after exclusions). Associations between snacking frequency, quality and timing with cardiometabolic blood and anthropometric markers were assessed using regression models (adjusted for age, sex, BMI, education, physical activity level and main meal quality). Participants were aged (mean, SD) 46.1 ± 11.9 years, had a mean BMI of 25.6 ± 4.88 kg/m2 and were predominantly female (73%). 95% of participants were snackers (≥ 1 snack/day; n = 813); mean daily snack intake was 2.28 snacks/day (24 ± 16% of daily calories; 203 ± 170 kcal); and 44% of participants were discordant for meal and snack quality. In snackers, overall snacking frequency and quantity of snack energy were not associated with cardiometabolic risk markers. However, lower snack quality (SDI range 1–11) was associated with higher blood markers, including elevated fasting triglycerides (TG (mmol/L) β; – 0.02, P = 0.02), postprandial TGs (6hiAUC (mmol/L.s); β; – 400, P = 0.01), fasting insulin (mIU/L) (β; – 0.15, P = 0.04), insulin resistance (HOMA-IR; β; – 0.04, P = 0.04) and hunger (scale 0–100) (β; – 0.52, P = 0.02) (P values non-significant after multiple testing adjustments). Late-evening snacking (≥ 9 pm; 31%) was associated with lower blood markers (HbA1c; 5.54 ± 0.42% vs 5.46 ± 0.28%, glucose 2hiAUC; 8212 ± 5559 vs 7321 ± 4928 mmol/L.s, P = 0.01 and TG 6hiAUC; 11,638 ± 8166 vs 9781 ± 6997 mmol/L.s, P = 0.01) compared to all other snacking times (HbA1c remained significant after multiple testing). Snack quality and timing of consumption are simple diet features which may be targeted to improve diet quality, with potential health benefits. NCT03479866, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03479866?term=NCT03479866&draw=2&rank=1 The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00394-023-03241-6.
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影响因子：
82.9
作者：
Berry SE;Valdes AM;Drew DA;Asnicar F;Mazidi M;Wolf J;Capdevila J;Hadjigeorgiou G;Davies R;Al Khatib H;Bonnett C;Ganesh S;Bakker E;Hart D;Mangino M;Merino J;Linenberg I;Wyatt P;Ordovas JM;Gardner CD;Delahanty LM;Chan AT;Segata N;Franks PW;Spector TD
通讯作者：
Spector TD
影响因子：
7.7
作者：
Beghini F;McIver LJ;Blanco-Míguez A;Dubois L;Asnicar F;Maharjan S;Mailyan A;Manghi P;Scholz M;Thomas AM;Valles-Colomer M;Weingart G;Zhang Y;Zolfo M;Huttenhower C;Franzosa EA;Segata N
通讯作者：
Segata N
影响因子：
4.7
作者：
Duffey, K. J.;Pereira, R. A.;Popkin, B. M.
通讯作者：
Popkin, B. M.
影响因子：
29
作者：
Li G;Xie C;Lu S;Nichols RG;Tian Y;Li L;Patel D;Ma Y;Brocker CN;Yan T;Krausz KW;Xiang R;Gavrilova O;Patterson AD;Gonzalez FJ
通讯作者：
Gonzalez FJ
影响因子：
7.1
作者：
Dikariyanto, Vita;Smith, Leanne;Hall, Wendy L.
通讯作者：
Hall, Wendy L.