The association between socioeconomic disadvantage and children's working memory abilities: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
The association between socioeconomic disadvantage and children's working memory abilities: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0260788
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Waterman AH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mooney KE;Prady SL;Barker MM;Pickett KE;Waterman AH
工作记忆是在短时间内存储和处理有限数量信息的基本认知技能。研究人员对社会经济地位影响儿童工作记忆的程度存在分歧，但没有研究系统地综合了有关这一主题的文献。因此，目前的审查，旨在探讨社会经济地位和儿童的工作记忆之间的关系，关于两者的关联的大小和变化。审查方案在PROSPERO上登记，并遵循PRISMA检查表。通过奥维德对Embase、Psycinfo和MEDLINE进行了全面检索，从数据库建立到2021年6月3日。研究在所有阶段都由两名审查员进行筛选。如果研究包括0-18岁的典型发育儿童，并且报告了社会经济地位和儿童工作记忆任务表现之间的任何指标之间的定量关联，则这些研究是合格的。使用两种数据合成方法合成研究：随机效应荟萃分析和收获图。该系统评价包括64项合格研究，涉及37，737名儿童（年龄2个月至18岁）。对其中36项研究的荟萃分析表明，社会经济劣势与工作记忆测试得分显著降低有关;这一发现适用于不同的工作记忆任务，包括那些主要涉及存储的任务（d = 0.45; 95%CI 0.27至0.62）以及需要信息处理的那些（d = 0.52; 0.31至0.72）。28项不符合荟萃分析条件的研究的Harvest图进一步证实了这些发现。最后，元回归分析显示，社会经济地位和工作记忆之间的关联是不主持的任务模式，偏见的风险，社会经济指标，平均年龄，或类型的效果大小。这是第一个系统的审查，以探讨社会经济地位和儿童的工作记忆之间的关联。社会经济劣势与儿童的工作记忆能力低下有关，这种关联在不同的工作记忆任务中是相似的。鉴于工作记忆、学习和学术成就之间的密切联系，显然有必要与从事儿童工作的从业人员分享这些发现，并研究如何支持工作记忆有困难的儿童。
Working memory is an essential cognitive skill for storing and processing limited amounts of information over short time periods. Researchers disagree about the extent to which socioeconomic position affects children’s working memory, yet no study has systematically synthesised the literature regarding this topic. The current review therefore aimed to investigate the relationship between socioeconomic position and working memory in children, regarding both the magnitude and the variability of the association. The review protocol was registered on PROSPERO and the PRISMA checklist was followed. Embase, Psycinfo and MEDLINE were comprehensively searched via Ovid from database inception until 3rd June 2021. Studies were screened by two reviewers at all stages. Studies were eligible if they included typically developing children aged 0–18 years old, with a quantitative association reported between any indicator of socioeconomic position and children’s working memory task performance. Studies were synthesised using two data-synthesis methods: random effects meta-analyses and a Harvest plot. The systematic review included 64 eligible studies with 37,737 individual children (aged 2 months to 18 years). Meta-analyses of 36 of these studies indicated that socioeconomic disadvantage was associated with significantly lower scores working memory measures; a finding that held across different working memory tasks, including those that predominantly tap into storage (d = 0.45; 95% CI 0.27 to 0.62) as well as those that require processing of information (d = 0.52; 0.31 to 0.72). A Harvest plot of 28 studies ineligible for meta-analyses further confirmed these findings. Finally, meta-regression analyses revealed that the association between socioeconomic position and working memory was not moderated by task modality, risk of bias, socioeconomic indicator, mean age in years, or the type of effect size. This is the first systematic review to investigate the association between socioeconomic position and working memory in children. Socioeconomic disadvantage was associated with lower working memory ability in children, and that this association was similar across different working memory tasks. Given the strong association between working memory, learning, and academic attainment, there is a clear need to share these findings with practitioners working with children, and investigate ways to support children with difficulties in working memory.
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24.8
作者：
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通讯作者：
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DOI：
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2008-12-01
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