U.S.-Brazil Cooperative Research on Reactivity at Charged Interfaces in Aqueous Media

该奖项支持加州大学圣巴巴拉分校的克利福德·邦顿教授和罗格斯大学的劳伦斯·S·隆斯特德教授与圣保罗大学的弗兰克·奎纳教授和圣卡塔琳娜联邦大学的法鲁克·J·诺姆教授共同参与的一项合作研究计划，目的是确定假相离子交换(PIE)模型对化学反应中某些效应的适用范围。对这一模型的进一步理解有望导致表面反应化学反应的进一步发展。PIE模型描述了离子两亲性对表面热反应速率和平衡的影响，在某些情况下可能是因为对发生反应的表面的结构和电学性质的某些假设而失败。参与这项研究的所有四个研究小组都在积极探索表面电荷密度对反离子成键和反应性的影响，以及在不同系统中的影响。他们的互补专业知识将被用来研究馅饼模型的局限性。每个研究人员将使用他擅长的系统定义一组实验，并在这些系统中测试模型。根据这些实验的结果，将开发改进的模型，用于研究水界面对反应和平衡的影响。这里将利用的协同效应是极好的，将为巴西和美国的调查人员带来相当大的互惠互利。

This award supports the participation of Prof. Clifford A. Bunton of the University of California, Santa Barbara, and Prof. Laurence S. Romsted, of Rutgers University, in a program of cooperative research with Prof. Frank Quina of the University of Sao Paulo and Prof. Faruk J. Nome of the Federal University of Santa Catarina, aimed at determining the range of applicability of the Pseudophase Ion Exchange (PIE) model for certain effects in chemical reactions. Enhanced understanding of this model can be expected to lead to further advances in the chemistry of surface reactions. The PIE model, which describes the effect of ionic amphiphiles on the rates and equilibria of thermal surface reactions, fails in some cases probably because of certain assumptions about the structures and electrical properties of the surfaces on which the reaction takes place. All four research groups involved in this study are actively exploring surface charge density effects on counterion bonding and reactivity, and in various systems. Their complementary expertise will be used to study the limits of the PIE model. Each investigator will define a set of experiments using the systems in which he is expert, and test the model in these systems. Based upon the results of these experiments, improved models for the effect of aqueous interfaces on reactions and equilibria will be developed. The synergy to be exploited here is excellent and will result in considerable mutual benefit to the Brazilian and U.S. investigators.