Moisture Over Amazonia - A Contribution to the Global Tropospheric and Amazon Boundary Layer Experiments GTE/ABLE

这项研究的目的是评估亚马逊地区的蒸发蒸腾作用，该地区最近进行了一项联合实地实验，以测量几种微量气体的来源、汇和运输。除了在地表或接近地表和森林冠层进行的各种气象观测（辐射、边界层湍流通量）之外，还可以利用地球静止卫星对水分分布进行特殊观测。在潮湿的热带地区，水收支——水物质的来源、汇和输送——从未得到充分的测量；水收支是除辐射和云量之外变化最大的气象量，对水收支的了解将有助于更好地描述大气环流，包括潜热的释放、亚马逊河的水文平衡和植被生态。森林覆盖本身就是水蒸气的主要来源，因此，如果这些树木被砍伐，土地被清理，就像事实上在几个热带地区正在发生的那样，拟议的研究可以对气象和其他方面的一些后果提供有根据的分析。

The objective of this research is the evaluation of evaportranspiration over a region of the Amazon, the recent site of a joint field experiment to measure sources, sinks, and transport of several trace gases. Special geostationary satellite observations of the moisture distribution are available in addition to various meteorological observations (radiation, turbulent fluxes in the boundary layer) made at or near the earth's surface and in the forest canopy. The water budget - the source, sink, and transport of aggregate water substance - has never been adequately measured in the wet tropics; a knowledge of the water budget - the most variable meteorological quantity after radiation and cloudiness - will contribute to a better description of atmospheric circulation, including the release of latent heat, the hydrological balance of the Amazon River and the ecology of the vegetation. The forest cover is itself a major source of water vapor and, thus, if these trees are cut down and the land cleared, as in fact is taking place in several tropical regions, the proposed research could provide an informed analysis of some of the consequences, meteorological and otherwise.