Adaptation and Adjustment in the Antarctic: Long-term Effects on Health and Performance

南极的适应和调整：对健康和表现的长期影响

• 批准号: 8716461
• 负责人: Lawrence Palinkas
• 金额: $ 5.69万
• 依托单位: Naval Health Research Center
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Interagency Agreement
• 财政年份: 1988
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1988-01-15 至 1990-03-13
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8716461&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Adaptation; Adjustment; Antarctic; Long; term

The record from human exploration and research in Antarctica has established that prolonged exposure to the extreme and isolated environment is a stressful experience, and in certain circumstances has profound implications for health and performance of personnel in Antarctica. There is some evidence which suggests that while winter-over personnel have short-term adjustment problems, they have a long-term decreased risk of diseases and illnesses triggered by stress. The objective of this study is to identify and describe the sources of enduring adaptive response to prolonged social isolation and an extreme physical environment. The research team will utilize an interdisciplinary approach, incorporating both anthropological and psychological methods, for qualitative and quantitative assessment of short-term and long-term consequences of the antarctic winter-over experience. An ethnographic study will examine the microculture of the antarctic research station at McMurdo Sound, the processes of social interaction and extent of social support in coping with stress, and the means of adjustment to the "winter-over syndrome". Epidemiologic methods will assess baseline profiles of health, stress, and coping to prospectively examine the effect of prolonged isolation on the effectiveness of these coping strategies and resources in reducing subsequent stress- related illness. This study will contribute to the understanding of isolated microsocieties and interactions between health, environment and personality.

人类在南极洲的探索和研究记录 长期暴露在极端环境中 环境是一种紧张的体验，在某些情况下， 环境对健康有着深远的影响， 在南极洲的工作人员。 有证据表明 建议越冬人员进行短期调整， 问题，他们有一个长期的疾病风险降低， 压力引发的疾病 的目的 研究的目的是确定和描述持久的适应性的来源， 长期的社会孤立和极端的身体反应 环境 研究小组将利用跨学科的 方法，结合人类学和心理学的方法， 短期和长期的定性和定量评估 这是一个寒冷的冬天经历的结果。 人种学 一项研究将检查南极研究站的微培养 在麦克默多湾，社会互动的过程和程度， 应对压力时的社会支持，以及 “过冬综合症” 流行病学方法将评估 健康、压力和应对的基线概况 研究长期隔离对有效性的影响 这些应对策略和资源，以减少随后的压力- 相关疾病。 这项研究将有助于了解 孤立的微型社会以及健康、环境和 人格