Experimental Analysis of the Dynamic Effects of a Refuge

这项研究的目的是确定一个 在捕食者-猎物系统的动力学上的物理避难所。 红色 蚧虫是柑桔的主要害虫，由寄生蜂控制 加州南部的阿菲蒂斯。 规模庞大的避难人口 存在，在一定程度上不同品种，在内部， 的柑橘树。 柑橘品种也不同的规模负荷 它们携带外部的叶子和果实。 假设是 测试的是，一个关键的规模上的密度稳定 树叶是避难所人口的程度， 开发 将对柑橘格罗夫斯林进行广泛的调查， 进行测试，其中既庇护和 将对外来人口进行抽样调查。 一系列实验 旨在为品种间差异提供一种机理解释 由于天敌的死亡率的变化， 将完成爬虫迁移率。 利用这些信息，A 预测避难人口对 外来人口将得到发展。 红鳞-无尾蚜相互作用被认为是一个模式系统 研究避难所对人口的影响 动力学 避难所的影响， 将评估人口规模，并确定 避难所对总招募的贡献将是 量化。

This research is aimed at determining the consequences of a physical refuge upon the dynamics of a predator-prey system. Red scale is pest of citrus that is controlled by the parasitoid Aphytis in southern California. A refuge population of scale exists, to an extent that varies among cultivars, in the interior of the citrus tree. Citrus cultivars also vary in the scale load they carry on exterior foliage and fruit. The hypothesis to be tested is that a key to the stability of scale density on the foliage is the extent to which the refuge population is developed. An extensive survey of citrus groves will be conducted to test this hypotheses in which both the refuge and exterior populations will be sampled. A series of experiments aimed at providing a mechanistic explanation for between-cultivar variation in terms of mortality due to natural enemies and crawler migration rates will be done. Using this information, a model that predicts the influence of refuge populations on exterior populations will be developed. Red scale-Aphytis interaction is considered a model system for studying the effect of a physical refuge on population dynamics. The impact of the refuge in terms of effect on population size will be assessed and the factors determining the contribution of the refuge to total recruitment will be quantified.