General Theory For Population Dynamics of Parasitoid-Host Systems

寄生蜂宿主系统种群动态的一般理论

• 批准号: 9420286
• 负责人: William Murdoch
• 金额: $ 22.5万
• 依托单位: University of California-Santa Barbara
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1995-03-01 至 1999-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9420286&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: General; Theory; Population; Dynamics; Parasitoid

9420286 Murdoch This research will develop theory for the population dynamics of insect host-parasitoid interactions for species with continuous reproduction and development. It will concentrate on mechanisms that depend on either the host developmental stage that is attacked (stage-structured processes) or the physiological state of the searching parasitoid (state-dependent processes), or on both. Only recently have modeling techniques advanced to the point that these types of mechanisms can be realistically incorporated into population dynamic models. The goals of the research are (1) to get insight into the dynamical effects of processes seen in stage-structured parasitoid-host systems, (2) to obtain generality by showing how apparently different mechanisms have similar dynamical consequences, (3) to incorporate into population dynamics recent evolutionary ideas about optimal parasitoid behavior, and (4) to explain observed dynamical patterns and alert us to potential new patterns. About 10% of all metazoan species are parasitoids. They are important in many natural communities and have been used in agriculture over the past 100 years as environmentally safe, and frequently highly effective, agents for controlling insect pests. The results will give insight into the processes and mechanisms driving the dynamics of such parasitoid-host systems. In addition, they will bring together population dynamics and recent ideas on, and insights into, the evolutionary basis for parasitoid behavior.

9420286 Murdoch 这项研究将为具有持续繁殖和发育的物种的昆虫宿主-寄生物相互作用的种群动态理论发展。 它将集中于依赖于被攻击的宿主发育阶段（阶段结构过程）或搜索寄生物的生理状态（状态依赖过程）或两者的机制。 直到最近，建模技术才发展到可以将这些类型的机制实际纳入人口动态模型的程度。 该研究的目标是（1）深入了解阶段结构寄生蜂宿主系统中所见过程的动态效应，（2）通过显示明显不同的机制如何具有相似的动态后果来获得普遍性，（3）将关于最佳寄生蜂行为的最新进化思想纳入种群动态，以及（4）解释观察到的动态模式并提醒我们潜在的新模式。 所有后生动物中约 10% 是寄生类动物。 它们在许多自然群落中都很重要，并且在过去 100 年来一直作为对环境安全且通常非常有效的害虫控制剂用于农业。 研究结果将有助于深入了解驱动此类寄生蜂宿主系统动态的过程和机制。 此外，他们还将汇集种群动态以及关于寄生行为进化基础的最新想法和见解。