Microbial Degradation of Detrital Lignocelluloses in Marine Environments: Production and Fate of Particulate and Dissolved Degradation Products

海洋环境中碎屑木质纤维素的微生物降解：颗粒和溶解降解产物的产生和归宿

• 批准号: 8718019
• 负责人: Robert Hodson
• 金额: $ 27.78万
• 依托单位: University of Georgia Research Foundation Inc
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1988
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1988-01-15 至 1991-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8718019&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Microbial; Degradation; Detrital; Lignocelluloses; Marine

Microbial Degradation of Detrital Lignocelluloses in Marine Environments: Production and Fate of Particulate and Dissolved Degradation Products. Hodson will continue his studies on the microbial transformations and fate of lignocellulose in marine waters and sediments. Lignocellulose is a major component of coastal and estuarine marine plants and resulting decomposition products. Thus, it represents a potentially major source of carbon to the marine food web. However, lignocellulose is highly refractory to microbial degradation and indigestible to most animals. Microbial transformations to partial degradation products or microbial biomass or both is required before carbon from this abundant polymer can enter the food webs. Hodson has developed several new methods for preparing and following the microbial transformations of specifically radiolabeled lignocelluloses from native marine plants in salt marshes and tropical mangrove swamps. His studies have revealed basic differences in the fate of lignocellulose in marine and terrestrial/freshwater environments, and he and his colleagues have accumulated basic data on rates of lignocellulose mineralization under areobic and anaerobic conditions, and on the relative efficiencies with which bacteria in several marine environments utilize carbon derived from lignocellulose. The present study will employ new methodologies for following lignin and lignocellulose transformations in marine environments and expand the research to examine the rates of production, efficiencies of bacterial utilization, and rates of turnover of dissolved organic compounds derived from the degradation of particulate detrital lignocelluloses. The principal investigator will use a time-series approach to expand his data set to include changes in biodegradability, rates of solubilization, and rates of incorporation into microbial biomass of lignocellulosic detritus from salt marsh and mangrove marine environments over periods ranging from one month to several years. This information will enable the accurate prediction of the persistence of lignocellulosic detrital material and its importance in the marine food web.

海洋环境中木质纤维素碎屑的微生物降解 环境：颗粒物和溶解物的产生和归宿 降解产物。 霍德森将继续研究 微生物对海洋木质纤维素的转化及其归宿 沃茨和沉积物。 木质纤维素是一种主要成分， 海岸和河口的海洋植物及其分解 产品. 因此，它是一个潜在的主要来源， 海洋食物网中的碳。 然而，木质纤维素是高度 不易被微生物降解，大多数人不能消化 动物 微生物转化为部分降解 产品或微生物生物量或两者都需要碳之前， 可以进入食物网。 霍德森有 开发了几种新的方法来制备和跟踪 特异性放射性标记的 来自盐沼中的天然海洋植物的木质纤维素， 热带红树林沼泽。 他的研究揭示了 在海洋和海洋生态系统中木质纤维素归宿的差异 陆地/淡水环境，他和他的同事们 已经积累了关于木质纤维素比率的基本数据 在需氧和厌氧条件下的矿化，以及 几种海洋细菌的相对效率 环境利用源自木质纤维素的碳。 本研究将采用新的方法， 继木质素和木质纤维素在海洋中的转化之后， 环境和扩大研究，以检查率 生产，细菌利用效率，以及 溶解有机化合物的周转率 颗粒碎屑木质纤维素的降解。 的 首席研究员将使用时间序列方法扩展 他的数据集包括生物降解性的变化， 溶解和掺入微生物生物质的速率 盐沼和海洋红树林木质纤维碎屑 环境中的时间范围从一个月到几个月 年 这些信息将有助于准确预测 木质纤维碎屑物质持久性及其 海洋食物网的重要性。