Sonar Tracking of Moving Targets by Echolocating Bats

飞行蝙蝠使用声纳（回声定位）跟踪和拦截 移动的猎物 一个特别有趣的问题是在 食鱼蝙蝠的例子，因为猎物只能被跟踪， 在水面上的时候，用声纳;在其他时候， 对声纳来说是“隐形的” 这是一个项目，在这个项目中，食鱼蝙蝠的行为 将被调查，因为它跟踪和拦截的目标， 在实验者的控制下。 目标的速度 加速度和运动路径将会变化， 它在水面停留的时间。 实验者 将测量蝙蝠的飞行路线和头部目标， 在试图捕捉消失的猎物时， 在表面之下，它解决分歧的能力 目标在其路径上移动的速度。该研究还将 探讨学习在蝙蝠追踪能力发展中的作用 行为 该项目之所以重要，有几个原因。 总 动物如何利用声纳获取信息， 他们处理这些信息来拦截移动， 周期性消失的目标对于理解 动物行为的基本方面，特别是蝙蝠和海洋动物 哺乳动物 它还提供了一种可能性， 人造声纳跟踪装置的改进。

Flying bats use sonar (echolocation) to track and intercept moving prey. A particularly interesting problem is presented in the case of fish-eating bats because the prey can only be tracked by sonar when at the surface of the water; at other times it is "invisible" to sonar. This is a project in which the behavior of a fish-eating bat will be investigated as it tracks and intercepts a target that is under the control of the experimenter. The target's velocity, acceleration and path of movement will be varied, as will the amount of time it spends at the water surface. The experimenter will measure the flight path and head aim of the bat, where it dips its feet in attempting to capture prey that has disappeared beneath the surface, and its ability to resolve differences in velocity of targets moving across its path. The study will also address the role of learning in the bat's development of tracking behavior. The project is important for a number of reasons. The general issue of how animals use sonar for obtaining information and how they process that information to intercept moving and periodically disappearing targets is significant to understanding basic aspects of animal behavior, particularly of bats and marine mammals. It also offers the possibility of suggesting improvements in man-made sonar tracking devices.