Spatial Clustering of Women's Employment: Causes and Implications

与雇主和雇员进行了深入的访谈， 伍斯特有四个女性就业率高的人口普查区， 马萨诸塞州将阐明就业的过程 女性的机会在空间上变得集中和隔离 大都市地区的男性就业。 对照组 男性及其雇主也将接受采访，以确定 收入和教育等混杂变量的重要性。 这 研究将整合雇主的看法和行动， 员工与有关存在的聚合上下文信息 按行业、职业和地点划分的性别隔离。 汉森和普拉特教授在以前的工作中记录了 不同的以女性为主的行业和职业集群， 大都市区 该项目将建立在他们的基础上， 早期的研究通过确定产生性别的力量， 就业空间的隔离，并制定一个综合的 从理论上解释为什么行业存在性别隔离， 位置和位置发生。 它还将突出以下方面的作用： 特别是通过探索居住在 特定的地方限制了妇女在不同的 各种各样的工作和职业。 汉森教授和普拉特教授的研究 促进我们对大都市劳动力市场的理解， 大都市地区内的就业机会。 在 除了这些基本的理论进步，他们的工作将产生 对有关决策者和规划者有用的结果 最大限度地提高劳动力效率和生产率。

In-depth interviews conducted with both employers and employees in four census tracts with high female employment in Worcester, Massachusetts will elucidate the processes by which employment opportunities for females become spatially concentrated and segregated from male employment within metropolitan regions. A control group of males and their employers will also be interviewed to identify the importance of confounding variables such as income and education. This research will integrate the perceptions and actions of employers and employees with aggregate contextual information regarding the existence of gender segregation by industry, occupation, and location. Professors Hanson and Pratt have in previous work documented distinct clusters of female-dominated industries and occupations within metropolitan areas. This project will build upon and extend their earlier research by identifying the forces that generate the gender segregation of employment in space and by developing an integrated theoretical explanation of why gender segregation by industry, occupation, and location occurs. It will also highlight the role of location in particular by exploring the degree to which residence in particular places constrains the choices women have among different kinds of jobs and careers. Professor Hanson and Pratt's research will advance our understanding of metropolitan labor markets and the locations of employment opportunities within metropolitan areas. In addition to such basic theoretical advances, their work will yield results that will be useful for policy makers and planners concerned with maximizing labor force effectiveness and productivity.