Doctoral Dissertation Research: Gentrification and the Displacement of Work and Home

中产阶级化是世界各地城市都在经历的一个过程。它体现了从工业经济向服务经济的转变。然而，制造业仍然是城市经济的重要组成部分这一事实不应被忽视。制造业正受到中产阶级化进程的威胁。制造业的流失影响了内城居民的就业和住房机会。关于中产阶级化的争论主要集中在其原因上，而其对现有社区的影响在很大程度上尚未得到探讨。所做的工作主要集中在中产阶级化对住房的影响上。对于工人阶级居民来说，对工作的影响以及家庭和工作之间的联系还没有被研究过。这个博士论文研究项目探讨了中产阶级化对布鲁克林威廉斯堡社区的小型制造商和蓝领工人的影响。该项目提出了以下问题：1)士绅化在多大程度上导致了制造业的迁移？2)由于中产阶级化，就业市场发生了什么变化？3)士绅化如何影响威廉斯堡工薪阶层的居住和就业机会？对关键线人、企业主和工人的深度访谈将提供工薪阶层居民机会结构变化的数据，以及他们工作、家庭和社会网络地理位置变化的数据。研究结果将展示制造业工作在大都市地区的流动，并探讨工人阶级居民在经历工业转移的地区保持其社会经济水平的能力。预计这项研究将证明，由于中产阶级化，制造业正在被取代，而那些失去这些工作的人不太可能找到同等技能和薪酬水平的工作。这项拟议中的研究着眼于像高档化这样的全球进程如何影响当地社区和居住在那里的人口。它分析了城市变化的本质，这种变化可能导致的方向，以及这种变化不仅对当地社区，而且对整个城市的影响。在中产阶级化的过程中，去工业化可能会受到鼓励，以至于城市失去了它的生产基础。不仅在经济基础上，而且在城市社区内的人口也可能存在更大的同质性，从而危及经济和文化多样化的人口，而这些人口是中心城市的重要组成部分。本研究开辟了中产阶级化的研究领域，考察了中产阶级化地区家庭和工作之间的联系，并分析了中产阶级化对劳动力和劳动力市场的影响。这项研究对城市分区、工业保留、创造就业机会和经济适用房的政策有潜在的影响。它还可能影响空间不匹配和技能不匹配的文献以及种族化和性别化的工作和居住模式。作为博士论文研究改进奖，该奖项还将提供支持，使有前途的学生建立一个强大的独立研究生涯。

Gentrification is a process experienced by cities around the world. It exemplifies the shift from an industrial economy to a service economy. Yet, the fact that manufacturing is still an important part of urban economies should not be ignored. Manufacturing is being threatened by the process of gentrification. The loss of manufacturing affects the employment and housing opportunities of inner city residents. The debate around gentrification has concentrated on its causes, while its effects on the existing communities has been largely unexplored. What work has been done has largely concentrated on the effects of gentrification on housing. The effect on work and the linkages between home and work for working class residents has gone unexplored. This doctoral dissertation research project explores the effect of gentrification on small manufacturers and blue collar-workers in the Williamsburg neighborhood of Brooklyn. The project asks the following questions: 1) To what extent has gentrification caused manufacturing displacement? 2) How has the job market changed as a result of gentrification? and 3) How has gentrification affected the residential and employment opportunities of working-class people in Williamsburg? In-depth interviews with key informants, business owners and workers will provide data on the changing structure of opportunity for working-class residents and the changing geography of their work, home, and social networks. The findings will demonstrate where manufacturing jobs move within the metropolitan region and explore the ability of working-class residents to maintain their socioeconomic levels in an area undergoing industrial displacement. It is expected that the study will demonstrate that manufacturers are being displaced because of gentrification and that those who lose these jobs are unlikely to find jobs at equal skill and pay levels.The proposed research looks at how a global process like gentrification affects a local neighborhood and the population that lives there. It analyzes the nature of urban change, the directions in which that change may lead, and the implication of this change not only for local neighborhoods, but for cities in general. In the process of gentrification, de-industrialization may be encouraged, so much so that the city loses its productive base. There may be a greater homogeneity not only of the economic base, but of the populations within urban neighborhoods as well, jeopardizing the economically and culturally diverse populations that are such a vital element to central cities. This research opens up the field of gentrification to examine the links between home and work in gentrifying areas and to analyze the effects of gentrification on labor and labor markets. This research has potential implications for urban policies on zoning, industrial retention, job creation, and affordable housing. It may also impact the literature of spatial mismatch and skills mismatch and the racialized and gendered patterns of work and residence. As a Doctoral Dissertation Research Improvement award, this award also will provide support to enable a promising student to establish a strong independent research career.