Comparative Regulation of Genes Involved in Plant Disease Resistance and Pigment Biosynthesis

植物抗病性和色素生物合成相关基因的比较调控

• 批准号: 8810549
• 负责人: Mona Mehdy
• 金额: $ 24.74万
• 依托单位: University of Texas at Austin
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1988
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1988-09-01 至 1992-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8810549&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Comparative; Regulation; Genes; Involved; Plant

In plants, specific branch pathways diverge from the central phenylpropanoid pathway which leads to the synthesis of lignins, UV-absorbing flavonoids, as well as isoflavonoid and coumarin antibiotics. Environmental stresses such as UV light and pathogens induce the selective synthesis of protective compounds by particular branches. While coordinate changes in gene regulation in the central pathway have been demonstrated to underlie these physiological responses, the mechanisms controlling differential activation of branch pathways is unknown. As a model for understanding the coordinate and selective controls regulating synthesis within these pathways, this research focuses on the comparative regulation of genes encoding enzymes in the central and branch pathways for synthesis of flavonoids and isoflavonoid antibiotics. Chalcone isomerase, a possible regulatory enzyme, will be studied as a representative of the central pathway. The research will identify the DNA sequences regulating the expression of the chalcone isomerase and branch pathway P-450 genes. This will be accomplished by: identifying branch pathway P-450 genes and characterizing their expression in response to environmental inducers as well as during development; mapping the transcription units on genomic clones; localizing regulatory regions by construction of chimeric genes; and sequencing the functionally important regions.%%% It is expected that this research will reveal distinct promoter elements responsive to particular environmental or developmental signals. This study of the organization of these elements in the phenylpropanoid pathway genes may lead to a general model for differential regulation of metabolically related genes in plants. Furthermore, a fundamental understanding of the genetic regulation of phytoalexin biosynthesis is essential if this trait is to be genetically manipulated to enhance disease resistance in plants.***//

在植物中，特定的分支路径从中央分支 苯丙烷途径，导致合成 木质素、吸收紫外线的类黄酮，以及木黄酮和 香豆素类抗生素 环境压力，如紫外线 光和病原体诱导选择性合成 保护性化合物的特殊分支。 而 协调中枢通路中基因调控的变化 已经被证明是这些生理现象的基础 反应，控制差异激活的机制 分支通路的数目未知。 作为理解坐标和选择性 控制调节这些途径内的合成， 研究的重点是基因的比较调节 在中枢和分支途径中编码酶， 黄酮类化合物和抗生素的合成。 查耳酮异构酶，一种可能的调节酶， 作为中央通路的代表进行研究。 这项研究将确定调控基因的DNA序列。 查尔酮异构酶和分支途径P-450的表达 基因. 这将通过以下方式实现：确定分支 途径P-450基因和表征它们在 对环境诱导物的反应以及 开发;绘制基因组上的转录单位 克隆;通过构建 嵌合基因;和测序功能上重要的 区域。% 预计这项研究将揭示出不同的 启动子元件响应于特定的环境或 发展信号。 本研究的组织， 苯丙烷途径基因中的这些元件可能导致 到一个一般模型的差异调节， 植物中与代谢相关的基因。 而且有 对基因调控的基本理解 如果要实现这一特征，植物防御素的生物合成至关重要 通过基因改造来增强 植物。*//