RUI: Cost/Benefit Analysis of Territoriality

RUI:地域性成本/效益分析

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    8810856
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 10.17万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
  • 财政年份:
    1989
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    1989-01-15 至 1991-06-30
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

Agonistic behavior, which includes aggressive behavior and responses to aggression, is one of four general categories into which the behavior of humans and all other animals can be divided. The ubiquity of agonistic behavior makes it broadly relevant not only to basic science but also to practical problems from the population to the individual level. One kind of site-specific agonistic behavior, territoriality, is particularly amenable to study because its spatial localization allows measurement of its costs and benefits under field conditions. However, it is often difficult to evaluate both costs and benefits in a common unit that is strongly correlated with survival and reproduction. Dr. Ewald will carry out field experiments with one of the few study subjects for which these obstacles can be readily surmounted: hummingbirds defending feeding territories. For this subject, both costs and benefits can be quantified in units of energy and experimentally manipulated; moreover, the rapid responses of hummingbird territoriality to changes in these costs and benefits makes field experiments exceptionally feasible. Dr. Ewald will conduct the first rigorously controlled tests designed to resolve three fundamental, unanswered questions about agonistic behavior. First, he will assess the utility of controlled field experimentation by comparing the territorial responses to highly accurate but artificial energy sources with responses to the less-controllable natural energy sources. Second, he will test predictions about the existence of territoriality in relation to the net benefits obtained from the territory. Finally, he will determine whether or not the quality of the best alternative to territoriality influences the presence and/or form of territoriality. The areas of agreement and divergence between theoretical predictions and actual territoriality in this system should clarify the applicability of the cost/benefit approach to territoriality. More generally, by helping to develop the cost/benefit theory of agonistic behavior, this clarification should eventually improve our understanding of the interaction between internal and environmental influences on agonistic behavior across the entire animal kingdom, including humans.
对抗行为,包括攻击行为和对攻击的反应,是人类和所有其他动物行为的四大类之一。竞争行为的普遍存在使其不仅与基础科学有关,而且与从群体到个人水平的实际问题也有广泛的关系。一种特定地点的竞争行为,领土性,特别适合研究,因为它的空间定位允许在野外条件下测量其成本和收益。然而,在一个与生存和繁殖密切相关的共同单位中,往往很难评估成本和收益。埃瓦尔德博士将对少数几个可以轻易克服这些障碍的研究对象之一进行实地实验:保卫觅食领地的蜂鸟。对于这个主题,成本和收益都可以量化为能量单位和实验操作;此外,蜂鸟的领土对这些成本和收益变化的快速反应使得实地实验非常可行。埃瓦尔德博士将进行第一次严格控制的试验,旨在解决有关激动行为的三个基本的、未解之谜。首先,他将通过比较区域对高度精确的人工能源的反应与对较不可控的自然能源的反应来评估受控现场实验的效用。其次,他将根据从领土获得的净利益来检验关于领土性存在的预测。最后,他将确定属地性的最佳替代方案的质量是否影响属地性的存在和/或形式。这一制度中理论预测与实际地域性之间的一致和分歧的领域应澄清成本/效益办法对地域性的适用性。更一般地说,通过帮助发展竞争行为的成本/收益理论,这一澄清将最终提高我们对包括人类在内的整个动物王国的竞争行为的内部和环境影响之间相互作用的理解。

项目成果

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Paul Ewald其他文献

Paul Ewald的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Paul Ewald', 18)}}的其他基金

Facilities Modernization for Biology and Neuroscience Research and Research Training
生物学和神经科学研究和研究培训设施现代化
  • 批准号:
    9414902
  • 财政年份:
    1994
  • 资助金额:
    $ 10.17万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant

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