Migration and Passivation of Metal Contaminants on Model Fluid Cracking Catalysts

对催化裂化催化剂的失活进行了研究。重点研究了镍中毒和锑钝化对模型催化裂化催化剂各组分的影响。强调现场实验的多技术方法被用来获得对这些材料的催化、电子和结构性质的更基本的了解。具体使用的方法有发光法、Sb-Moessbauer光谱仪、X射线粉末衍射法、热重分析法和扫描电子显微镜。催化研究是与联合石油公司的马里奥·奥塞利博士合作完成的。催化裂化催化剂(FCC)用于降低平均分子量(以及随之而来的粘度、沸点、来自石油、煤炭、植物或其他来源的碳氢油，因此是精炼这些材料的关键元素。天然油通常含有使FCC失活的过渡金属(最常见的是镍或钒)络合物。(石油的回收也受到金属污染的阻碍。)这项研究旨在开发耐中毒的催化裂化材料，这种材料可以与金属污染(因此价格较低)的油一起使用。

Deactivation of fluid cracking catalysts (FCCs) is studied. The research focusses on poisoning by nickel and passivation by antimony on various components of model FCCs. A multitechnique approach that emphasizes in-situ experiments is used to obtain a more fundamental understanding of the catalytic, electronic, and structural properties of these materials. Specific methods used are luminescence, antimony Moessbauer spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. Catalytic studies are done in collaboration with Dr. Mario Occelli of Union Oil Co. Fluid cracking catalysts (FCCs) are used to reduce the average molecular weight (and with it viscosity, boiling point, and density) of hydrocarbon oils derived from petroleum, coal, plants, or other sources, and are therefore key elements in the refining of these materials. The natural oils often contain transition metal (most commonly nickel or vanadium) complexes that deactivate the FCC. (Recycling of oil is also inhibited by metal contamination.) This line of investigation aims at development of FCC materials resistant to poisoning that could be used with metal-contaminated (and therefore less expensive) oils.